Skip to content
Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering

Additional Resources

Contents

K-12 Education

Chapter 1. Elementary and secondary mathematics and science education. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2016-1. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/.

Top of page

Undergraduate and Graduate Degrees

Chapter 2. Higher education in science and engineering. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2016-1. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/.

Baccalaureate Origins of U.S.-trained S&E Doctorate Recipients. NSF 13-323. Arlington, VA, 2013. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf13323/.

Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities: 2015. NSF 17-306. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/sed/.

Science and Engineering Degrees: 1966-2012. NSF 15-326. Arlington, VA, 2013. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15326/.

Science and Engineering Degrees, by Race/Ethnicity of Recipients. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/degreerecipients/.

Top of page

Graduate Enrollment

Chapter 2. Higher education in science and engineering. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2016-1. Arlington, VA, 2014. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/.

Foreign Graduate Enrollment in Science and Engineering Continues to Rise While Overall Graduate Enrollment Remains Flat. NSF 14-313.Arlington, VA, 2014. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf14313/.

Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/.

Influx of Foreign Graduate Students and Inclusion of Newly Eligible Institutions Lead to a Significant Increase in U.S. Graduate Enrollment in Science and Engineering. NSF-16-310. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsf16310/.

Top of page

Postdoctoral Students

Counts of Postdoctoral Appointees in Science, Engineering, and Health Rise with Reporting Improvements. NSF 13-334. Arlington, VA, 2013. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf13334/.

Federally Funded R&D Centers Employed Over 3,000 Postdoctoral Researchers in 2010. NSF 13-321. Arlington, VA, 2013. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf13321/.

Postdocs at Federally Funded R&D Centers: Fall 2010. NSF 13-319. Arlington, VA, 2013. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf13319/.

Chapter 3. Science and engineering labor force. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2008. NSB 08-01. Arlington, VA, 2008. Available at http://wayback.archive-it.org/5902/20160210152939/http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind08/.

Chapter 3. Science and engineering labor force. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2016-1. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/

Top of page

Chapter 3. Science and engineering labor force. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2016-1. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/.

Chapter 5. Academic research and development. In Science and Engineering Indicators: 2016. NSB 2-16-1. Arlington, VA, 2016. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/.

Racial and Ethnic Diversity among U.S.-Educated Science, Engineering, and Health Doctorate Recipients: Methods of Reporting Diversity. NSF 12-304. Arlington, VA, 2012. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf12304/.

Academic Institutions of Minority Faculty with Science, Engineering, and Health Doctorates. NSF 11-320. Arlington, VA, 2011. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf11320/.

Thirty-Three Years of Women in S&E Faculty Positions. NSF 08-308. Arlington, VA, 2008. Available at https://wayback.archive-it.org/5902/20160210152800/http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf08308/.

SESTAT: Characteristics of Scientists and Engineers in the United States. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/us-workforce/.

Characteristics of Scientists and Engineers with U.S. Doctorates. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctoratework/.

Employment Decisions of U.S. and Foreign Doctoral Graduates: A Comparative Study. NSF 15-302. Arlington, VA, 2014. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15302/.

Immigrants' Growing Presence in the U.S. Science and Engineering Workforce: Education and Employment Characteristics in 2013. NSF 15-328. Arlington, VA, 2015. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15328/.

Top of page

R&D Funding

Higher Education Research and Development. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/herd/.

Federal FY 2012 S&E Obligations to Academic and Nonprofit Institutions: Focus on Minority-Serving Institutions. NSF 15-309. Arlington, VA, 2014. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15309/.

Top of page

Non-NSF Resources


Note: Links were correct at the time of release but may no longer be active as a result of changes at the referenced organization's website.

General

National Center for Education Statistics. 2016. Digest of Education Statistics: 2014. Washington, DC. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/index.asp.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2016. The Condition of Education. Washington, DC. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/

Top of page

Population Estimates and Projections

Census Bureau. 2011. Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf.

Census Bureau. American FactFinder. Washington, DC. Available at http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml.

Top of page

Persons with Disabilities

Brault MW. 2012. Americans with Disabilities: 2010. Washington, DC: Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Census Bureau. Available at http://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/p70-131.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2007. Demographic and School Characteristics of Students Receiving Special Education in the Elementary Grades. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2007005.

Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs. IDEA Section 618 Data. Washington, DC. Available at http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/osep/index.html.

National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences. 2011. Students with Disabilities at Degree-Granting Postsecondary Institutions: First Look. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011018.pdf.

Top of page

Minority Education and Minority-Serving Institutions

American Council on Education. 2011. Minorities in Higher Education: Twenty-Fourth Status Report: 2011 Supplement. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.acenet.edu/news-room/Pages/Minorities-in-Higher-Education-2011-supplement.aspx.

American Council on Education. 2010. Minorities in Higher Education 2010: Twenty-Fourth Status Report with a Special Essay on the U.S. Hispanic Population. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.acenet.edu/news-room/Pages/Minorities-in-Higher-Education-2010.aspx.

American Council on Education. 2016. Tribal College and University Funding: Tribal Sovereignty at the Intersection of Federal, State, and Local Funding. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.acenet.edu/news-room/Documents/Tribal-College-and-University-Funding.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2010. Status and Trends in the Education of Racial and Ethnic Groups. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2010015.

College Board. 2008. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders-Facts, Not Fiction: Setting the Record Straight. New York. Available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/08-0608-AAPI.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2007. Characteristics of Minority-Serving Institutions and Minority Undergraduates Enrolled in These Institutions. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2008156.

Gasman M. 2013. The Changing Face of Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Graduate School of Education. Available at http://www.gse.upenn.edu/pdf/cmsi/Changing_Face_HBCUs.pdf.

Top of page

Precollege Education

Precollege Mathematics and Science Achievement

Stillwell R, Sable J. 2013. Public School Graduates and Dropouts from the Common Core of Data: School Year 2009-10: First Look (Provisional Data). NCES 2013-309. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

Mulligan G, Halle T, Kinukawa A. 2012. Reading, Mathematics, and Science Achievement of Language-Minority Students in Grade 8. NCES 2012-028. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

Mulligan GM, Hastedt S, McCarroll JC. 2012. First-Time Kindergartners in 2010-11: First Findings from the Kindergarten Rounds of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011). NCES 2012-049. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress. The Nation's Report Card. Washington, DC.

Executive Office of the President. President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. 2010. Report to the President. Prepare and Inspire: K-12 Education in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) for America's Future. Washington, D.C. Available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/pcast-stem-ed-final.pdf.

Top of page

High School Science and Mathematics Course Taking

Thomas N, Marken S, Gray L, Lewis L. 2013. Dual Credit and Exam-Based Courses in U.S. Public High Schools: 2010-11. NCES 2013-001. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

College Board. AP Program Participation and Performance Data 2015. New York. Available at https://research.collegeboard.org/programs/ap/data/participation/ap-2015.

College Board. AP Data 2015. New York. Available at https://research.collegeboard.org/programs/ap/data.

College Board. 2014. AP Report to the Nation. New York. Available at https://research.collegeboard.org/programs/ap/data/nation.

Top of page

High School Completion

National Center for Education Statistics. Public High School Dropouts and Completers from the Common Core of Data. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/pub_dropouts.asp.

National Center for Education Statistics. The Condition of Education. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/.

Top of page

Mathematics and Science Teachers

Banilower ER, Smith PS, Weiss IR, Malzahn KA, Campbell KM, Weis AM. 2013. Report of the 2012 National Survey of Science and Mathematics Education. Chapel Hill, NC: Horizon Research, Inc. Available at http://www.horizon-research.com/2012nssme/research-products/reports/technical-report/.

National Center for Education Statistics. Schools and Staffing Survey. Elementary and Secondary Education. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/sass/.

Top of page

Number of Students

National Center for Education Statistics. Common Core of Data. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/pub_snf_report.asp.

Top of page

Computer Use

Queen B, Lews L. 2011. Distance Education Courses for Public Elementary and Secondary School Students: 2009-10. NCES 2012-008. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

Top of page

Postsecondary Study by Field

Zweben S, Bizot E. 2016. Representation of Women in Postsecondary Computing 1990-2013: Disciplines, Institutional, and Individual Characteristics Matter. Computing in Science & Engineering, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 40-56.

Top of page

Undergraduate Education

National Center for Education Statistics. 2012. New Americans in Postsecondary Education: A Profile of Immigrants and Second-Generation American Undergraduates. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2012/2012213.pdf.

King J. 2010. Gender Equity in Higher Education. Washington, DC: American Council on Education.

Higher Education Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Education and Information Studies. CIRP Freshman Survey. Available at http://www.heri.ucla.edu/cirpoverview.php.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2016. Digest of Education Statistics: 2014. Washington, DC. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/index.asp.

National Academies Press. 2016. Barriers and Opportunities for 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees: Systemic Change to Support Students' Diverse Pathways. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.nap.edu/search/?term=Barriers+and+Opportunities+for+2-year.

National Science Board. 2012. Diminishing Funding and Rising Expectations: Trends and Challenges for Public Research Universities. NSB 12-45. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2012/nsb1245.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Statistics. 2016. Remedial Coursetaking at U.S. Public 2- and 4- Year Institutions: Scope, Experience, and Outcomes. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2016/2016405.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Statistics. 2016. After the Post-9/11 GI Bill: A Profile of Military Service Members and Veterans Enrolled in Undergraduate and Graduate Education. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2016/2016435.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Statistics. 2016. Status and Trends in the Education of Racial and Ethnic Groups 2016. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2016007.

National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Statistics. 2016. Undergraduates Who Do Not Apply for Financial Aid. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2016406.

Top of page

Educational Persistence and Attainment

Zelser KL, Kirshstein RJ, Tanenbaum C. 2013. The Price of a Science PhD: Variations in Student Debt Levels across Disciplines and Race/Ethnicity. Washington, DC: Center for STEM Education and Innovation at American Institutes for Research. Available at http://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/AIRPriceofPhDMay13_0.pdf.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2016. Digest of Education Statistics: 2014. Washington, DC. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/index.asp.

Census Bureau. Current Population: Educational Attainment Data. Available at http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/educ-attn.html.

Top of page

Employment

National Science Board, National Science Foundation. 2015. Revisiting the STEM Workforce: A Companion to Science and Engineering Indicators 2014. NSB-2015-10. Arlington, VA. Available at https://www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2015/nsb201510.pdf.

Staklis S, Skomsvold P, and RTI International. 2014. New College Graduates at Work: Employment Among 1992-93, 1999-2000, and 2007-08 Bachelor's Degree Recipients 1 Year After Graduation. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2014/2014003rev.pdf.

Tanenbaum C, Upton R. 2014. Early Academic Career Pathways in STEM: Do Gender and Family Status Matter? Washington, DC: STEM at American Institutes for Research. Available at http://www.air.org/sites/default/files/STEM%20PhD%20Early%20Academic%20Career%20Pathway_March%202014.pdf.

Turk-Bicakci L, Berger A, Haxton C. 2014. The Nonacademic Careers of STEM PhD Holders. Washington, DC: STEM at American Institutes for Research. Available at http://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/STEM%20nonacademic%20careers%20April14.pdf.

Hanks AS, Kniffin KM. 2014. Early Career PhD Salaries: The Industry Premium and Interdisciplinary Debate. Applied Economics Letters, vol. 21, issue 18, pp. 1277-82. Available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2428414.

Census Bureau. 2014. Where Do College Graduates Work? A Special Focus on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math. Washington, DC. Available at https://www.census.gov/dataviz/visualizations/stem/stem-html/.

Top of page

Faculty Employment

Mason MA, Woldinger NH, Goulden M. 2013. Do Babies Matter? Gender and Family in the Ivory Tower. New Brunswick, NJ, and London: Rutgers University Press.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04) Report on Faculty and Instructional Staff in Fall 2003. Washington, DC. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2005172.

Nelson DJ. Nelson Diversity Surveys: Tables with Number of Faculty, by Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Rank at Top 50 Institutions, by Field. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma, Diversity in Science Association. Available at http://faculty-staff.ou.edu/N/Donna.J.Nelson-1/diversity/top50.html.

Government Accountability Office. 2015. Women in STEM Research: Better Data and Information Sharing Could Improve Oversight of Federal Grant-Making and Title IX Compliance. GAO-16-14. Washington, DC. Available at http://gao.gov/products/GAO-16-14.

University of California, Los Angeles. HERI Faculty Survey. Available at http://heri.ucla.edu/facoverview.php.

Office of Personnel Management. Federal Employment Statistics: Data by Occupational Group, Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Disability Status. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.opm.gov/feddata/index.asp.

Top of page

International Participation in Science and Engineering

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Data on Education by Sex and Country. In Education at a Glance 2016. Paris. Available at http://www.oecd.org/edu/education-at-a-glance-19991487.htm.

World Bank Group. Gender Statistics: Electronic Database of Gender Statistics on Enrollment and Attainment by Sex and Country. Washington, DC. Available at http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/gender-statistics.

European Commission. 2015. SHE FIGURES 2015: Gender in Research and Innovation: Statistics and Indicators. Luxembourg. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/research/swafs/pdf/pub_gender_equality/she_figures_2015-leaflet-web.pdf.

Pearson W, Frehill L, McNeely C (eds.). 2015. Advancing Women in Science: An International Perspective. Switzerland. Available at http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319086286.

Top of page