Select "VIEW" to see the table. PDF and Excel are available for download.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1 | Indicators of elementary and secondary school mathematics and science education | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-2 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-3 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP science assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-4 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP technology and engineering literacy assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-5 | Average mathematics and science assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time during the 2010–11 school year and in third grade during the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-6 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of U.S. students in grades 4 and 8, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-7 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grades 4 and 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-8 | Average TIMSS science scores of U.S. students in grades 4 and 8, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-9 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grades 4 and 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-10 | Average advanced mathematics and physics scores of U.S. TIMSS Advanced students, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-11 | Average scores of U.S. 15-year-old students on the PISA mathematics and science literacy scales, by selected student characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-12 | Average mathematics literacy assessment scores for 15-year-olds participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-13 | Average science literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-14 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-15 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-16 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-17 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-18 | Average high school credits earned in technology-related courses and percentage of students earning any credit, for fall 2009 ninth graders, by sex: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-19 | Percentage of principals reporting that their schools offer at least one computer science course, by grade level, size, and locale: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-20 | Students who took or passed an AP exam in high school, by subject: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-21 | Students taking AP exams, by subject: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-22 | Access to high-level mathematics and sciences courses among students at low versus high black and Latino enrollment schools: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-23 | On-time graduation rates of U.S. public high school students, by student characteristics: 2011−15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-24 | High school graduation rates, by OECD country: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-25 | Relative standing of U.S. high school graduation rates among OECD countries: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-26 | Chapter summary of U.S. performance on K–12 STEM indicators | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-27 | Summary of long- and short-term trends in U.S. performance on K–12 STEM indicators | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-1 | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution: 2015–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-2 | Degree awards, by degree level and institutional control: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-3 | Distribution of U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high-Hispanic-enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-4 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-5 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-6 | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-7 | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution: Fall 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-8 | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control: 2006–07 and 2011–12 through 2016–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-9 | Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-10 | International students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions, by broad field and academic level: 2012–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-11 | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution attended through June 2014, by level of first institution and major field category: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-12 | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities in 2011–12: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-13 | Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-14 | Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-15 | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-16 | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region or country of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-17 | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region and country of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-1 | Major sources of data on the U.S. labor force | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-2 | Classification of degree fields and occupations | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-4 | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-5 | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-6 | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-7 | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-8 | Employment in S&E occupations, by major industry: May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-9 | Metropolitan areas with largest proportion of workers in S&E occupations: May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-10 | R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-11 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-12 | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 2003–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-13 | Annual salaries in science, technology, and related occupations: May 2013–May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-14 | Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-15 | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-16 | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenured and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: Selected years, 1993–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-17 | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-18 | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-20 | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: Selected years, 1993–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-21 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-22 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-23 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-24 | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-26 | Annual salaries for new H-1B visa recipients, by occupation: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-27 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-28 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-A | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of employment and job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-B | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution and region of employment: 2001–15 combined | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-C | Region and state of doctoral institution and employment of doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector: 2001–15 combined | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-D | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-E | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-F | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-1 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-2 | Annual rates of growth in U.S. R&D expenditures, total and by performing sectors: 1988–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-3 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector, source of funds, and type of work: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-4 | U.S. R&D expenditures by type of work: Selected years, 1970–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-5 | International comparisons of gross domestic expenditures on R&D and R&D share of gross domestic product, by region, country, or economy: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-6 | Gross expenditures on R&D for selected countries, by performing sector and source of funds: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-7 | Gross expenditures on R&D for selected countries, by type of work: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-8 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States: 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-9 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-10 | Sales and R&D intensity for companies that performed or funded R&D, by selected industry: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-11 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by size of company: Selected years, 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-12 | Business expenditures for R&D, by selected countries and top R&D-performing industries: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-13 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by selected industry of affiliate and investor country: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-14 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected industry of affiliate and host region, country, or economy: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-15 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-16 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-17 | Federal obligations for R&D, by agency and type of work: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-18 | Government R&D support by major socioeconomic objectives, by selected countries or regions and years: Selected years, 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-A | Top 10 states in U.S. R&D performance, by sector and intensity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-1 | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-2 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source, character of work, and institution type: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-3 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-4 | Top six federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-5 | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-6 | Growth of academic R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 1997–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-7 | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-8 | Higher education R&D expenditures at all universities and colleges financed by institutional funds, by source, fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-9 | Condition of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-10 | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction: FYs 2006–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-11 | Tenure status, by field of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-12 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-13 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by career stage and field of doctorate: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-14 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-15 | Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by sex and field: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-16 | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-18 | Full-time S&E faculty reporting research as primary work activity, by years since doctorate and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by Carnegie classification of employer and years since doctorate: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-21 | NIH and NSF research grant applications and funding success rates: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-22 | S&E articles in all fields, by country or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-23 | S&E research portfolios of selected region, country, or economy, by field: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-24 | Share of U.S. S&E articles, by sector and field: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-25 | Shares of U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-26 | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-27 | Index of international collaboration on S&E articles, by selected country or economy pair: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-28 | Relative citation index, by selected region, country, or economy pair: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-A | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets, by agency: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-B | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by degree field and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-C | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research and teaching focus: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-D | Number of titles and publications filtered from the Scopus database | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-1 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, by category | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-2 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-3 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-A | Data Sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-A | U.S. survey data sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-B | International survey data sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 8. Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-1 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 2002 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-2 | Selected technology areas of USPTO patents | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-3 | Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, by selected agencies: FYs 2006, 2009, 2012, 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-4 | Invention disclosures and patenting, by selected U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2006–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-5 | U.S. business-sector publications with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-6 | U.S. utility patents citing S&E literature, by patent assignee sector, article author sector, and patent issue year: 2013–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-7 | SBIR and STTR awards funding, by type of award: Selected years, FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-9 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-10 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-11 | International comparison of innovation rate, product, and process, by country and firm size: 2012–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early-stage technology development and innovation | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Select "VIEW" to see the table. PDF and Excel are available for download.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by student characteristics: 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-2 | Students in grades 4, 8, and 12 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics for their grade, by student grade and characteristics: 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-3 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP science assessment, by student grade and characteristics: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-4 | Students in grades 4, 8, and 12 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science for their grade, by student grade and characteristics: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-5 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP technology and engineering literacy assessment and the percentage scoring proficient or above, by student characteristics: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-6 | Average scores of students in grade 4 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-7 | Students in grade 4 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-8 | Average scores of students in grade 4 on the main NAEP science assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-9 | Students in grade 4 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-10 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-11 | Students in grade 8 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-12 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP science assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-13 | Students in grade 8 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-14 | Average mathematics assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time in the 2010–11 school year and in third grade in the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-15 | Average science assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time in the 2010–11 school year and in third grade in the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-16 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grade 4, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-17 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grade 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-18 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grade 4, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-19 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grade 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-20 | Average mathematics literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-21 | Average science literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-22 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by gender and socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-23 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-24 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by sex and socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-25 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-26 | Average high school credits earned in technology-related courses, and percentage earning any credit, for fall 2009 ninth graders, by student, family, and school characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-27 | High school graduates enrolled in college in October after completing high school, by demographic characteristics and institution type: 1975–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-28 | Fall 2009 ninth graders considering a STEM major (among those with an identified major), by program level and student, family, and school characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-1 | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-2 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by broad field and degree level: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-3 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-4 | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-5 | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-6 | Average revenue per FTE, by institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-7 | Average expenditures per FTE, by institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-9 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-10 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-11 | Proportion of full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-12 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-13 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-14 | Doctorate recipients' source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-15 | Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-16 | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: 2016 and 2017 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-17 | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering and engineering technology programs: 2006–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-18 | Earned associate’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-19 | Earned associate’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-20 | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level: 2000 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-21 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-22 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-23 | S&E graduate enrollment, by field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-24 | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-25 | S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-26 | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: 2016 and 2017 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-27 | Earned master’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-28 | Earned master’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-29 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-30 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1985–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-31 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-32 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-33 | Expenditures on tertiary education institutions as a percentage of GDP: 2005, 2008, and 2010–13 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-38 | S&E doctoral degrees in the United States and selected European countries or economies, by field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: Selected years: 2015–60 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-42 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in United Kingdom universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: Academic years 2005–06 and 2015–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-43 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in Japanese universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: 2004 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-44 | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-1 | S&E occupations in the 1960 U.S. Census and 2015 American Community Survey | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-2 | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of occupational employment: 2014–24 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-3 | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-4 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-5 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-6 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-7 | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-8 | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: Selected years, 2003–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-9 | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-10 | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1975–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-11 | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-12 | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-13 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-14 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-15 | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-16 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-17 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-18 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-19 | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-20 | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-21 | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2004–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-22 | R&D personnel in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-23 | Researchers as a share of total employment and GERD per researcher in selected regions, countries, or economies: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-1 | U.S. gross domestic product, R&D, and ratio of R&D to gross domestic product (and components): 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-2 | U.S. research and development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-3 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-4 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-5 | U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-6 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-7 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-8 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-9 | U.S. development expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-10 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-11 | U.S. R&D and gross domestic product, by state: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-12 | Gross expenditures on R&D and expenditures for R&D as a share of gross domestic product, for selected countries or regions: 1981–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-13 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2008–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-14 | Federal research and experimentation tax credit claims, by NAICS industry: 2001–13 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-15 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by region, country, or economy of ultimate beneficial owner: 1997–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-16 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by NAICS industry of affiliate: 2007–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-17 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by region, country, or economy: 1997–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-18 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected NAICS industry of affiliate: 2009–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-19 | R&D performed in the United States by U.S. multinational company parent companies, by NAICS industry: 2009–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-20 | Difference in federal R&D support, as reported by performers and federal agencies: 1985–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-21 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by type of work: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-22 | Federal funding for R&D and R&D plant, budget authority versus obligations: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-23 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency, performer, and type of work: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-24 | Federal obligations for research, by agency and S&E field: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-25 | Federal obligations for research, by detailed S&E field: Selected years, FYs 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-1 | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by type of R&D: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-2 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: Selected years, FYs 1990–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-3 | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by federal agency and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-4 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-5 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-6 | Higher education R&D expenditures at top 100 R&D-performing institutions, ranked by FY 2015 R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-7 | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-8 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-9 | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-10 | Costs for repair and renovation of research space at academic institutions, by S&E field and time of repair and renovation: FYs 2014–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-11 | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-12 | Current fund expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-13 | Federal share of current funding for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-14 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-15 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, sex, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-16 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, race, ethnicity, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, degree field, and citizenship: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-18 | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research priority, type of position, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-20 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by Carnegie classification of institution, years since doctorate, and type of position: Selected years, 1997–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-21 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, research activity, and type of position: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-22 | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support, by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-23 | S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by Carnegie classification of institution, race, ethnicity, and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-24 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-25 | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-26 | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-27 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-28 | S&E articles in agricultural sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-29 | S&E articles in astronomy, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-30 | S&E articles in biological sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-31 | S&E articles in chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-32 | S&E articles in computer sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-33 | S&E articles in engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-34 | S&E articles in geosciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-35 | S&E articles in mathematics, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-36 | S&E articles in medical sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-37 | S&E articles in other life sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-38 | S&E articles in physics, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-39 | S&E articles in psychology, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-40 | S&E articles in social sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-41 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and sector: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-42 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-43 | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-44 | Internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2003 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-45 | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-46 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-47 | Citations from international S&E publications, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-48 | Share of S&E articles, by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author: 2004 and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-49 | Average relative citations for the United States, by scientific field: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-50 | Average relative citations in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-51 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most-cited articles in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-9 | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-1 | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-2 | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-3 | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy: Selected years, 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-4 | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-5 | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-6 | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-7 | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-8 | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-10 | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-11 | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-12 | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-13 | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-14 | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-15 | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-16 | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-17 | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-18 | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-19 | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-20 | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-21 | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-22 | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-23 | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-24 | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-25 | Exports and imports of commercial KI services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-26 | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-27 | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-28 | Exports and imports of other business services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-29 | Exports and imports of telecommunications and computer and information services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-30 | Exports and imports of financial services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-31 | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-32 | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-33 | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-34 | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-35 | Exports and imports of testing, measuring, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-36 | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-37 | Exports and imports of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-38 | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-39 | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-40 | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-41 | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-42 | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-43 | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-44 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies and solar, by region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-45 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind and energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2004–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-46 | Government RD&D in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-47 | Government RD&D in nuclear energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-48 | Government RD&D in energy efficiency technology, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-49 | Government RD&D in other power and storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-50 | Government RD&D in renewable energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-51 | Government RD&D in solar energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-52 | Government RD&D in wind energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-53 | Government RD&D in biofuels, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-54 | Government RD&D in carbon capture and storage, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-55 | Government RD&D in hydrogen and fuel cells, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-56 | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-57 | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-58 | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-59 | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-60 | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-61 | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-62 | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-63 | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-64 | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-65 | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-66 | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-67 | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-68 | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-69 | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-70 | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-71 | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-72 | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-73 | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-74 | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-1 | Public interest in selected issues: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-2 | Public interest in selected issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-3 | Primary source of information about current news events, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-4 | Primary source of information about science and technology, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-6 | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-7 | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions, by respondent characteristic: 1992–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-10 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-11 | Correct answers to scientific process questions, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-13 | Understanding of the term "scientific study," by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-15 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-17 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-19 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-21 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-24 | Public assessment of spending on science, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-25 | Public assessment of spending on health, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-26 | Public assessment of spending on the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-27 | Public assessment of spending on space, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-28 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 1973–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-29 | Public confidence in science leaders, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-30 | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001, 2012, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-31 | Public perception of scientists, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-32 | Public assessment of the danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-33 | Public assessment of the danger of air pollution from industry to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-34 | Public assessment of the danger of climate change to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-35 | Public assessment of the danger of nuclear power stations to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-36 | Public assessment of the danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-37 | Public assessment of the benefits and harms of nanotechnology, by respondent characteristic: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 8. Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-1 | USPTO patents granted, by sector: 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-2 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 1996–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-3 | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-4 | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-5 | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-7 | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-8 | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-9 | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-10 | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-11 | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-12 | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-13 | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-14 | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-15 | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-16 | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-17 | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-18 | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-19 | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-20 | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-21 | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-22 | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-23 | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-24 | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-25 | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies: 2014–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-26 | Academic patenting and licensing activities: 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-27 | Federal technology transfer activity indicators for U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2001–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-28 | Citation of S&E articles in USPTO patents, by cited field and cited country and sector: 2013–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-29 | Exports and imports of charges for the use of intellectual property, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-30 | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage and selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-31 | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-32 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-33 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-34 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-35 | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award: FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-36 | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-37 | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Data Sources can be viewed by Chapter or by Data Provider: select from either menu to view list and links. Direct link to data source provided unless special tabulations performed from data within the linked product.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-1 | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at public very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at public very high research universities |
| Table 2-1 | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution: 2015–16 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System: Institutional Characteristics component | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution |
| App. Table 2-1 | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field |
| Figure 2-2 | Average expenditures per FTE on research at public and private very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures on research at private and public very high research universities |
| Table 2-2 | Degree awards, by degree level and institutional control: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degree awards by degree level and institutional control |
| App. Table 2-2 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by broad field and degree level: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded by for-profit institutions 2000-2015 |
| Figure 2-3 | Average expenditures per FTE on instruction at public and private very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures per FTE on instruction at public and private very high research universities |
| Table 2-3 | Distribution of U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high-Hispanic-enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from high-Hispanic-enrollment institutions |
| App. Table 2-3 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded by for-profit institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 |
| Figure 2-4 | Selected average revenues and expenditures at public 4-year and other postsecondary institutions: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures at public 4-year and other postsecondary institutions |
| Table 2-4 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from an HBCU, by ethnicity and race |
| App. Table 2-4 | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level |
| Figure 2-5 | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at community colleges: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at community colleges |
| Table 2-5 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients reporting earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race |
| App. Table 2-5 | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type |
| Figure 2-6 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support |
| Table 2-6 | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level |
| App. Table 2-6 | Average revenue per FTE, by institution type: 2000-2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average revenue per full-time equivalent student, by institution type |
| Figure 2-7 | Full-time S&E graduate students with primary support from federal government, by field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| Table 2-7 | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution: Fall 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution |
| App. Table 2-7 | Average expenditures per FTE, by institution type: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures per full-time equivalent student, by institution |
| Figure 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Table 2-8 | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control: 2006–07 and 2011–12 through 2016–17 | The College Board | Annual Survey of Colleges: Trends in College Pricing | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control |
| App. Table 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates by source and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-9 | Share of full-time undergraduate enrollment among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Undergraduate enrollment in higher education, by race and ethnicity |
| Table 2-9 | Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| App. Table 2-9 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-10 | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field |
| Table 2-10 | International students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions, by broad field and academic level: 2012–17 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International students' enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-10 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| Figure 2-11 | Women's share of S&E bachelor's degrees, by field: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field and sex |
| Table 2-11 | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution attended through June 2014, by level of first institution and major field category: 2013–14 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution, by level of first institution and major field category |
| App. Table 2-11 | Proportion of full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-12 | Share of S&E bachelor’s degrees among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Table 2-12 | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities in 2011–12: 2013–14 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities |
| App. Table 2-12 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Figure 2-13 | S&E master’s degrees, by field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by field |
| Table 2-13 | Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-13 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field | ||||
| Figure 2-14 | S&E master's degrees, by sex of recipient: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by sex |
| Table 2-14 | Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients on temporary visas |
| App. Table 2-14 | Doctorate recipients' source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| Figure 2-15 | S&E master’s degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship |
| Table 2-15 | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-15 | Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | S&E doctorate recipients undergraduate and graduate debt |
| Figure 2-16 | S&E doctoral degrees earned in U.S. universities, by field: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by field |
| Table 2-16 | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region or country of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas |
| App. Table 2-16 | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| Figure 2-17 | S&E doctoral degrees earned by U.S. citizen and permanent resident underrepresented minorities, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E doctoral degrees earned by U.S. citizen and permanent resident underrepresented minorities, by race and ethnicity |
| Table 2-17 | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region and country of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-17 | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering and engineering technology programs: 2006–15 | American Society for Engineering Education | Engineering by the Numbers | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering |
| Figure 2-18 | S&E doctoral degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E doctoral degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship |
| App. Table 2-18 | Earned associate’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned associate's degrees by sex and field |
| Figure 2-19 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected Asian country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-19 | Earned associate’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned associate's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Figure 2-20 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected European country: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients by selected European country |
| App. Table 2-20 | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level: 2000 and 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level |
| Figure 2-21 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Europe, by region: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients from Europe |
| App. Table 2-21 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees, by sex and field |
| Figure 2-22 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil |
| App. Table 2-22 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Figure 2-23 | Attainment of bachelor's or higher degrees, by country and age group: 2015 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Educational attainment by country and age group (OECD 2016) |
| App. Table 2-23 | S&E graduate enrollment, by field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment, by field |
| Figure 2-24 | First university natural sciences and engineering degrees, by selected country or economy: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-24 | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field |
| Figure 2-25 | Natural sciences and engineering doctoral degrees, by selected country: 2000–14 | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-25 | S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment by citizenship and field |
| Figure 2-26 | Internationally mobile students enrolled in tertiary education, by selected country: 2014 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Internationally mobile students enrolled in tertiary education |
| App. Table 2-26 | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-27 | Earned master’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned Master's degrees, by sex and field |
| App. Table 2-28 | Earned master’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned master's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| App. Table 2-29 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex |
| App. Table 2-30 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1985–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-31 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, race, ethnicity, and broad field of study |
| App. Table 2-32 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned doctoral degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| App. Table 2-33 | Expenditures on tertiary education institutions as a percentage of GDP: 2005, 2008, and 2010–13 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Country expenditures on tertiary education |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | Doctoral degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Doctoral degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-38 | S&E doctoral degrees in the United States and selected European countries or economies, by field: 2000–14 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Doctoral degrees - OECD |
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| App. Table 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: 2015–60 | U.N. Department of Economics and Social Affairs | World Population Prospects | Population projections through 2060 for selected countries and regions |
| U.S. Census Bureau | National Population Projections | Population projections through 2060 by race and ethnicity - United States | ||
| App. Table 2-42 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in United Kingdom universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: Academic years 2005–06 and 2015–16 | Higher Education Statistics Agency | Higher Education Statistics Agency Data | Foreign students enrollment in UK universities |
| App. Table 2-43 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in Japanese universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: 2004 and 2016 | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Graduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities |
| Undergraduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities | ||||
| App. Table 2-44 | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | Statistics Canada | Center for Education Statistics Data (Canada) | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 3-1 | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category: 2015 and 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category (NSCG) | ||
| Figure 3-2 | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| Table 3-2 | Classification of degree fields and occupation | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| App. Table 3-2 | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of occupational employment: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 3-3 | Individuals employed in S&E occupations in the United States: Selected years, 1960–2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Decennial Census | 1960 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| 1970 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 1980 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 1990 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 2000 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| Table 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed in S&E occupations (NSCG) | ||
| Employed workers with at least one degree in S&E field | ||||
| Job relatedness to highest degree for those with highest degree in S&E field, by occupation | ||||
| Job requires S&E technical expertise at bachelor's level | ||||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||
| App. Table 3-3 | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-4 | Average annual growth in the total number of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003 | |||
| Table 3-4 | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category |
| App. Table 3-4 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders |
| Employment sector of workers in S&E occupations | ||||
| Figure 3-5 | Educational attainment, by type of occupation: 2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Table 3-5 | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations |
| App. Table 3-5 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-6 | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 |
| Table 3-6 | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field |
| App. Table 3-6 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex |
| Figure 3-7 | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree |
| Table 3-7 | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business |
| App. Table 3-7 | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status |
| Figure 3-8 | S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Percent of S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree |
| Table 3-8 | Employment in S&E occupations, by major industry: May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 National Industry-Specific Estimates |
| App. Table 3-8 | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: Selected years, 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-9 | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-9 | Metropolitan areas with largest proportion of workers in S&E occupations: May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 Metropolitan Area Employment Estimates |
| App. Table 3-9 | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-10 | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector |
| Table 3-10 | R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations and active in R&D, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree |
| Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree | ||||
| App. Table 3-10 | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1975–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: 1975, 1985 |
| Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1995–2015 | ||||
| Figure 3-11 | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector |
| Table 3-11 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation |
| App. Table 3-11 | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-12 | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size |
| Table 3-12 | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field |
| App. Table 3-12 | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation |
| Figure 3-13 | Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest deree and broad occupational category | ||||
| Table 3-13 | Annual salaries in science, technology, and related occupations: May 2013–May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| App. Table 3-13 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree |
| Figure 3-14 | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree |
| Table 3-14 | Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Involuntary out-of-field (IOF) rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree |
| Median annual salary for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | ||||
| Unemployment rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | ||||
| App. Table 3-14 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category |
| Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category | ||||
| Figure 3-15 | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-15 | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree |
| App. Table 3-15 | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Figure 3-16 | Unemployment rate, by selected groups: 1990–2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | Current Population Survey | Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (MORG) files: 1990-2015 |
| Table 3-16 | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: Selected years, 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree |
| App. Table 3-16 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree |
| Figure 3-17 | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-17 | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector |
| App. Table 3-17 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation | ||||
| Figure 3-18 | Median salaries for employed, college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-18 | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree |
| App. Table 3-18 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation | ||||
| Figure 3-19 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals in S&E occupations |
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with college degrees | ||||
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E | ||||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||
| App. Table 3-19 | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity |
| Figure 3-20 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-20 | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: Selected years, 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 1993–2015 | |||
| App. Table 3-20 | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients: FY 2016 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients |
| Figure 3-21 | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate |
| Table 3-21 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| App. Table 3-21 | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2004–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin |
| Figure 3-22 | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 | |||
| Table 3-22 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| App. Table 3-22 | R&D personnel in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total R&D personnel (FTE) |
| Figure 3-23 | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree |
| Table 3-23 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 | |||
| App. Table 3-23 | Researchers as a share of total employment and GERD per researcher in selected regions, countries, or economies: 2015 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | GERD at constant prices and PPP (2010 $) (OECD) |
| Total researchers (FTE) | ||||
| Total researchers per thousand total employment | ||||
| Figure 3-24 | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree |
| Table 3-24 | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003 | |||
| Figure 3-25 | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age |
| Table 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 1995, 2003 | |||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2003 ACS PUMS | ||
| 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||||
| Figure 3-26 | Women in the workforce and in S&E: 1993 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Women as a percentage of S&E highest degree holders |
| Women as a percentage of the college-educated workforce | ||||
| Women in S&E occupations: 2015 | ||||
| Table 3-26 | Annual salaries for new H-1B visa recipients, by occupation: FY 2016 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Annual Compensation of H-1B Beneficiaries for Initial Employment by Major Occupation Group: FY 2015 |
| Figure 3-27 | Women in S&E occupations: 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Women in S&E occupations: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Women in S&E occupations: 1993-2015 | |||
| Table 3-27 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field |
| Figure 3-28 | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993-2015 | |||
| Table 3-28 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree |
| Figure 3-29 | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age |
| Figure 3-30 | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-31 | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-32 | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category |
| Figure 3-33 | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth |
| Figure 3-34 | Temporary work visas issued in categories with many high-skilled workers: FYs 1991–2015 | U.S. Department of State | Nonimmigrant Visa Statistics | Nonimmigrant Visa Issuances by Visa Class and by Nationality, and Nonimmigrant Visas by Individual Class of Admission |
| Figure 3-35 | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate |
| Figure 3-36 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation |
| Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education | Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation | ||
| Figure 3-37 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 |
| Figure 3-38 | Estimated number of researchers in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total researchers (FTE) |
| Figure 3-39 | Researchers as a share of total employment in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total researchers per thousand total employment |
| Figure 3-40 | Gross domestic R&D expenditures (GERD) per researcher in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | GERD at constant prices and PPP (2010 $) (OECD) |
| Total researchers (FTE) | ||||
| Figure 3-A | Projected increases in employment for S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-A | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of employment and job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 3-B | Projected job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-B | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution and region of employment: 2001–15 combined | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-C | Region and state of doctoral institution and employment of doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector: 2001–15 combined | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-D | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution |
| Table 3-E | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-F | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 5-1 | Academic R&D expenditures, by source of funding: FYs 1972–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures for S&E by funding source |
| Table 5-1 | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by field: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges |
| App. Table 5-1 | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by type of R&D: FYs 1953–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by character of work (annual series) |
| Figure 5-2 | Federal and nonfederal funding of academic R&D expenditures: FYs 1997–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally financed and total higher education R&D expenditures for S&E |
| Table 5-2 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source, character of work, and institution type: FYs 2012–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures by source, character of work, and institution type |
| App. Table 5-2 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: Selected years, FYs 1990–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Sources of S&E R&D funds at public and private academic institutions |
| Figure 5-3 | Federally financed academic R&D expenditures, by agency and S&E field: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally Financed R&D Expenditures by agency and field |
| Table 5-3 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost |
| App. Table 5-3 | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by federal agency and field: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures by federal agency and R&D field |
| Figure 5-4 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Sources of S&E R&D funding by academic institution type |
| Table 5-4 | Top six federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic S&E R&D expenditures |
| App. Table 5-4 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds and field: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures by funding source and field |
| Figure 5-5 | Share of academic R&D, by institution rank in R&D expenditures: FYs 1997–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures ranked by R&D expenditures (annual series) |
| Table 5-5 | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field: FY 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field |
| App. Table 5-5 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 2007–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total higher education R&D expenditures by field of S&E |
| Figure 5-6 | Change in S&E research space in academic institutions, by 2-year period: FYs 1988–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Academic science and engineering research space, by field (annual series) |
| Table 5-6 | Growth of academic R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 1997–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Growth of academic R&D expenditures by S&E field |
| App. Table 5-6 | Higher education R&D expenditures at top 100 R&D-performing institutions, ranked by FY 2015 R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures ranked by R&D expenditures |
| Figure 5-7 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Research Space at Academic Institutions |
| Table 5-7 | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures for S&E and all fields by institutional control and Carnegie classification |
| App. Table 5-7 | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients: FYs 2012–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients |
| Figure 5-8 | Current fund expenditures for S&E research equipment at academic institutions, by selected S&E field: Fys 2006-16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Current fund expenditures for S&E research equipment at academic institutions |
| Table 5-8 | Higher education R&D expenditures at all universities and colleges financed by institutional funds, by source, fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and institutionally financed higher education R&D expenditures for all fields, by source, fiscal year, institutional type, and Carnegie Classification |
| App. Table 5-8 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007–2013 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Academic science and engineering research space, by field (annual series) |
| Figure 5-9 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic by position type |
| Table 5-9 | Condition of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field: FY 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Condition of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field |
| App. Table 5-9 | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions by public and private institution |
| Source of funds for new construction of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by type of institution | ||||
| Source of funds for new construction of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution | ||||
| Figure 5-10 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by field: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by S&E field |
| Table 5-10 | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction: FYs 2006–17 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction (annual series) |
| App. Table 5-10 | Costs for repair and renovation of research space at academic institutions, by S&E field and time of repair and renovation: FYs 2014–17 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Costs for repair and renovation by field, research animal space, and time of repair and renovation |
| Figure 5-11 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995-2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure Status of S&E Doctorate Holders |
| Table 5-11 | Tenure status, by field of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status by field of doctorate |
| App. Table 5-11 | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions |
| Figure 5-12 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia, by academic rank: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia by academic rank |
| Table 5-12 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of academically employed S&E doctorate holders by age |
| App. Table 5-12 | Current fund expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions by S&E field |
| Figure 5-13 | Women as a percentage of younger and older S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia, by academic rank: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of academically employed S&E doctorate holders by age |
| Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by sex and field | ||||
| Table 5-13 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by career stage and field of doctorate: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status, by career stage and field of doctorate |
| App. Table 5-13 | Federal share of current funding for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and federally financed higher education research equipment expenditures, by S&E field |
| Figure 5-14 | Black, Hispanic, and Asian S&E doctorate holders as a percentage of full-time faculty positions, by sex: 2003 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position and degree field |
| Table 5-14 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Women as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia, by position |
| App. Table 5-14 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position and degree field: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position and degree field |
| Figure 5-15 | Tenure status of underrepresented minority S&E doctorate holders: 2003 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure Status of S&E Doctorate Holders |
| Table 5-15 | Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by sex and field: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by sex and field |
| App. Table 5-15 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, sex, and degree field: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, sex, and degree field |
| Figure 5-16 | U.S.-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by birthplace: 1973-2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | US-Trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by birthplace |
| Table 5-16 | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by position |
| App. Table 5-16 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, race, ethnicity, and degree field: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, race, and ethnicity |
| Figure 5-17 | Full-time faculty ages 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Full-time faculty ages 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions |
| Table 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Academically employed SEH doctorate holders by age |
| App. Table 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, degree field, and citizenship: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, and citizenship |
| Figure 5-18 | Primary work activity of full-time doctoral S&E faculty: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Job duties of full-time doctoral S&E faculty |
| Table 5-18 | Full-time S&E faculty reporting research as a primary work activity, by years since doctorate and degree field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic by position type |
| App. Table 5-18 | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions |
| Figure 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in a postdoctoral position, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic postdoc positions by degree field |
| Table 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group: Selected years, 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group |
| App. Table 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research priority, type of position, and degree field: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by research priority, type of position, and degree field |
| Figure 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in very high research activity institutions with federal support, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Full-time S&E doctoral faculty in very high research activity institutions with federal support, by gender and race and ethnicity |
| Table 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by Carnegie classification of employer and years since doctorate: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions by Carnegie institution type and years since doctorate |
| App. Table 5-20 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by Carnegie classification of institution, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1997–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by Carnegie institution type, years since doctorate, and type of position |
| Figure 5-21 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in full-time faculty positions with federal support, by field: 1991 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in full-time faculty positions with federal support, by field |
| Table 5-21 | NIH and NSF research grant applications and funding success rates: 2001–16 | National Institutes of Health | NIH Research Grant Data | NIH research grant applications and funding success rates |
| National Science Foundation, Office of Budget, Finance, and Award Management | NSF Research Grant Data | NSF research grant applications and funding success rates | ||
| App. Table 5-21 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, research activity, and type of position: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Academic S&E doctorate holders with federal support by degree field, research activity, and type of position |
| Figure 5-22 | S&E articles, by global share of selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-22 | S&E articles in all fields, by country or economy: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-22 | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support, by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer |
| Figure 5-23 | U.S. academic and non-academic S&E articles: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| Table 5-23 | S&E research portfolios of selected region, country, or economy, by field: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| S&E articles in agricultural sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in astronomy by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in biological sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in chemistry by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in computer sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in engineering by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in geosciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in mathematics by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in medical sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in other life sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in physics by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in psychology by region, country, or economy | ||||
| S&E articles in social sciences by region, country, or economy | ||||
| App. Table 5-23 | S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by Carnegie classification of institution, race and ethnicity, and sex: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders with federal support by Carnegie classification of institution, race and ethnicity, and gender |
| Figure 5-24 | Share of world articles in all fields with authors from multiple institutions, domestic-only institutions, and international coauthorship: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of world articles in all fields with authors from multiple institutions, domestic-only institutions, and international coauthorship |
| Table 5-24 | Share of U.S. S&E articles, by sector and field: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| App. Table 5-24 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1973–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position |
| Figure 5-25 | Share of world S&E articles with international collaboration, by S&E field: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of world S&E articles with international collaboration, by S&E field |
| Table 5-25 | Shares of U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| App. Table 5-25 | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Integrated Science and Engineering Resources Data System (WebCASPAR) | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data |
| Figure 5-26 | Share of S&E articles internationally coauthored, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in all fields by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-26 | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy |
| App. Table 5-26 | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data | Elsevier | Scopus | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data (Scopus) |
| Figure 5-27 | Share of citations to selected region, country, or economy that are received from authors abroad: 1996–2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Citations from international S&E publications by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-27 | Index of international collaboration on S&E articles, by selected country or economy pair: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-27 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-28 | Average relative citations, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Average of relative citations in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-28 | Relative citation index, by selected region, country, or economic pair: 2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Relative citation index by selected country pair |
| App. Table 5-28 | S&E articles in agricultural sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in agricultural sciences by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-29 | Average relative citations for the United States, by S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Average of relative citations for the United States, by scientific field |
| App. Table 5-29 | S&E articles in astronomy, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in astronomy by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-30 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most cited publications, by selected region, country, or economy: 2004–14 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of publications in top 1% most-cited articles in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-30 | S&E articles in biological sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in biological sciences by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-31 | S&E publication output in the top 1% of cited publications, by selected region, country, or economy: 2004–14 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of U.S., EU, and selected European countries S&E articles that are in the world’s top 1% of cited articles |
| App. Table 5-31 | S&E articles in chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in chemistry by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-32 | Average relative citations for U.S. S&E articles, by sector: 2004-14 | Elsevier | Scopus | Average of relative citations of U.S. S&E articles by sector |
| App. Table 5-32 | S&E articles in computer sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in computer sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-33 | S&E articles in engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2003–2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in engineering by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-34 | S&E articles in geosciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in geosciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-35 | S&E articles in mathematics, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in mathematics by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-36 | S&E articles in medical sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in medical sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-37 | S&E articles in other life sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in other life sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-38 | S&E articles in physics, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in physics by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-39 | S&E articles in psychology, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in psychology by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-40 | S&E articles in social sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles in social sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-41 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and sector: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| App. Table 5-42 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-43 | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2006 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-44 | Internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2003 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | Internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-45 | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2003 and 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| App. Table 5-46 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute: 2003-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute |
| App. Table 5-47 | Citations from international S&E publications, by region, country, or economy: 1996-2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Citations from international S&E publications by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-48 | Share of S&E articles, by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author: 2004 and 2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of S&E articles by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author |
| App. Table 5-49 | Average relative citations for the United States, by scientific field: 1996–2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Average of relative citations for the United States, by scientific field |
| App. Table 5-50 | Average relative citations in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Average of relative citations in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-51 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most-cited articles in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Elsevier | Scopus | Share of publications in top 1% most-cited articles in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-A | Share of publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access: 2006-15 | 1science | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Share of publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA |
| Table 5-A | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets, by agency: FYs 2002–16 | National Science Foundation, Office of Integrative Activities | Federal Agency EPSCoR Funding Data | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets by agency |
| Figure 5-B | Annual percentage of U.S. publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access: 2006-15 | 1science | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Annual percentage of U.S. publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA |
| Table 5-B | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by degree field and sex: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by degree field and sex |
| Figure 5-C | Percentage of publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access, by research domain: 2006-15 | 1science | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Percentage of publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA, by research domain |
| Table 5-C | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research and teaching focus: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-trained SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by research and teaching focus |
| Figure 5-D | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by year: 2006-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Table 5-D | Number of titles and publications filtered from the Scopus database | Elsevier | Scopus | Number of titles and publications filtered |
| Figure 5-E | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by region, country, or economy: 2006-16 | Elsevier | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-F | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by WebCASPAR field: 2006–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-G | Trends in the proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus: 2006–15 | Elsevier | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-H | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications, by field: 2006–15 | Elsevier | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-I | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications, by country: 2006–15 | Elsevier | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-1 | Global KTI industries by output and share of GDP: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global KTI industries by output and share of GDP |
| Table 6-1 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, by category | United Nations Statistics Division | International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) of All Economic Activities, Rev. 3 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries (ISIC) |
| App. Table 6-1 | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data (IHS) |
| Figure 6-2 | Selected industry category share of GDP of developed and developing economies: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Commercial KI services share of GDP |
| HT manufacturing industries share of GDP | ||||
| MHT manufacturing industries share of GDP | ||||
| Public KI services share of GDP | ||||
| Table 6-2 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global valued added for low-technology manufacturing industries |
| Global valued added for medium-low technology manufacturing industries | ||||
| Global valued added for real estate | ||||
| Global valued added for restaurants and hotels | ||||
| Global valued added for retail and wholesale trade | ||||
| Global valued added for transport and storage | ||||
| App. Table 6-2 | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-3 | Output of KTI industries as a share of the GDP of selected countries or economies: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Commercial KI services share of GDP |
| HT manufacturing industries share of GDP | ||||
| MHT manufacturing industries share of GDP | ||||
| Public KI services share of GDP | ||||
| Table 6-3 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global valued added for agriculture, forestry, and fishing |
| Global valued added for construction | ||||
| Global valued added for mining | ||||
| Global valued added for utilities | ||||
| App. Table 6-3 | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy: Selected years, 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | Global Economic Data (IHS) | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy (IHS Global Economic Data) |
| Figure 6-4 | ICT business spending as a share of selected industry categories for selected countries or economies: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | Global ICT Navigator | ICT business spending as a share of selected industry categories |
| App. Table 6-4 | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-5 | Output of education and health care for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Output of education and health care for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-5 | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-6 | Output of commercial KI services for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Output of commercial KI services for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-6 | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-7 | U.S. employment in commercial KI services: 2006–16 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in commercial KI services |
| App. Table 6-7 | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-8 | U.S. KTI industry share of U.S. business R&D spending, industry output, and industry employment: 2014 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. KTI industry share of U.S. business R&D spending, industry output, and employment |
| App. Table 6-8 | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-9 | Growth in real GDP, by selected region, country, or economy: 2009–16 | IHS Global Insight | Global Economic Data (IHS) | Growth in real GDP, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-9 | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-10 | Global value-added shares of selected service industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global value-added shares of selected service industries for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-10 | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-11 | Output of HT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Output of HT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-11 | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-12 | U.S. employment in HT manufacturing industries: 2006–16 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in HT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-12 | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-13 | HT manufacturing industries of selected regions, countries, or economies: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | HT manufacturing industries of selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-13 | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-14 | Annual change in value-added output of selected manufacturing industries in China: 2010–15 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Annual change in value-added output of selected manufacturing industries in China |
| App. Table 6-14 | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-15 | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies in ICT manufacturing industries: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies in ICT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-15 | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-16 | Output of MHT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-16 | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-17 | Manufacturing facilities of General Motors, Toyota, and Volkswagen, by selected region, country, or economy: 2016 | General Motors | GM Corporate Newsroom | GM plants & facilities |
| Toyota | Toyota Company Profile | Toyota facilities | ||
| Volkswagen | Volkswagen Group Portrait | Volkswagen production plants | ||
| App. Table 6-17 | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-18 | Output of motor vehicles and parts industry for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-18 | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-19 | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies of MHT manufacturing industries: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies of MHT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-19 | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-20 | U.S. employment in MHT manufacturing industries: 2006–16 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in MHT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-20 | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-21 | Global exports of commercial KTI products and services: 2008–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Global exports of commercial KTI products and services |
| App. Table 6-21 | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-22 | Commercial KI service exports, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Commercial KI service exports, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-22 | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-23 | Trade balance of commercial KI services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Trade balance of commercial KI services, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-23 | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-24 | U.S. and EU commercial KI services trade, by category: 2016 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | U.S. and EU commercial KI services trade, by category |
| App. Table 6-24 | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-25 | China's and India's trade in commercial KI services, by category: 2016 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | China's and India's trade in commercial KI services, by category |
| App. Table 6-25 | Exports and imports of commercial KI services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports and imports of commercial KI services, by region/country/economy |
| Figure 6-26 | Exports of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-26 | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-27 | Trade balance of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Trade balance of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-27 | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-28 | Trade in ICT products of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected trading partner: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Trade in ICT products of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected trading partner |
| App. Table 6-28 | Exports and imports of other business services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports and imports of other business services, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-29 | Exports of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-29 | Exports and imports of telecommunications and computer and information services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports and imports of telecommunications and computer and information services, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-30 | Trade balance of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Trade balance of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-30 | Exports and imports of financial services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports and imports of financial services, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-31 | China and EU MHT trade, by product: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | China and EU MHT trade, by product |
| App. Table 6-31 | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-32 | Trade in motor vehicles and parts of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected partner: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Trade in motor vehicles and parts of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected partner |
| App. Table 6-32 | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-33 | Japan and United States trade in MHT products, by product: 2016 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Japan and United States trade in MHT products, by product |
| App. Table 6-33 | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-34 | Private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by type of financing: 2006, 2010, and 2016 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by type of financing |
| App. Table 6-34 | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-35 | Government RD&D expenditures on sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005-14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | RD&D expenditures on sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-35 | Exports and imports of testing, measuring, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of measuring, testing, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-36 | Global generation capacity of sustainable energy, by source: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global generation capacity of sustainable energy, by source |
| App. Table 6-36 | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-37 | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country |
| App. Table 6-37 | Exports and imports of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of aircraft products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-38 | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| App. Table 6-38 | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data (IHS) |
| Figure 6-39 | U.S. venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2011–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | U.S. venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| App. Table 6-39 | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-40 | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country |
| App. Table 6-40 | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-41 | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| App. Table 6-41 | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-42 | Cumulative change in later-stage sustainable energy technologies private investment, by selected region or country and technology area: 2013–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Cumulative change in later-stage sustainable energy technologies private investment, by selected region or country and technology area |
| App. Table 6-42 | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-43 | Generation capacity in solar and wind by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Generation capacity in solar and wind by selected region or country |
| App. Table 6-43 | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | IHS Global Insight | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-44 | Government RD&D expenditures on sustainable energy technologies, by technology: 2014 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D expenditures on sustainable energy technologies, by technology |
| App. Table 6-44 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies and solar, by region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Later-stage sustainable energy investment in solar, by region, country, or economy | ||||
| Figure 6-45 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-45 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind and energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2004–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind, by region, country, or economy | ||||
| Figure 6-46 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-46 | Government RD&D in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-47 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| App. Table 6-47 | Government RD&D in nuclear energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in nuclear energy, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-48 | Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies for the United States, the EU, Japan, and South Korea: 2014–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - EU |
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - Japan | ||||
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - South Korea | ||||
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - United States | ||||
| App. Table 6-48 | Government RD&D in energy efficiency technology, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in energy efficiency technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-49 | Government RD&D in other power and storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in other power and storage technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-50 | Government RD&D in renewable energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in renewable energy, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-51 | Government RD&D in solar energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in solar energy, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-52 | Government RD&D in wind energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in wind energy, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-53 | Government RD&D in biofuels, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in biofuels, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-54 | Government RD&D in carbon capture and storage, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in carbon capture and storage, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-55 | Government RD&D in hydrogen and fuel cells, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | International Energy Agency | IEA Energy Technology RD&D Budgets | Government RD&D in hydrogen and fuel cells, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-56 | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-57 | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-58 | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-59 | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-60 | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-61 | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-62 | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-63 | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-64 | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-65 | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-66 | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-67 | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-68 | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-69 | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-70 | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-71 | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-72 | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-73 | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-74 | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-A | Growth in output of selected categories of industries, by selected country or economy: 2011–16 | Federal Reserve | Federal Reserve Economic Research and Data | Foreign Exchange Rates |
| IHS Global Insight | World Industry Service | Growth in output of selected categories of industries, by selected country or economy | ||
| Figure 6-B | U.S. dollar exchange rate with selected currencies: 2011–16 | Federal Reserve | Federal Reserve Economic Research and Data | U.S. dollar exchange rate with selected currencies |
| Figure 6-C | Top-ranked supercomputers, by location of region, country, or economy: 2010–16 | TOP500 | TOP500 Lists | Top-ranked supercomputers |
| Figure 6-D | Headquarters of platform companies, by selected region: 2015 | MIT Center for Digital Business | Platform Shift: How New Biz Models Are Changing the Shape of Industry | Headquarters of platform companies, by selected region |
| Figure 6-E | Exports of computer, electrical, and optical equipment, by selected region, country, or economy on conventional and value-added basis: 2011 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Structural Analysis Database (STAN) | Exports of computer, electrical, and optical equipment, by selected region, country, or economy on conventional and value-added basis |
| Figure 6-F | China's trade balance in the electrical and optical equipment industry, by selected region, country, or economy on conventional and value-added basis: 2011 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Structural Analysis Database (STAN) | China's trade balance in the electrical and optical equipment industry, by selected region, country, or economy on conventional and value-added basis |
| Figure 6-G | U.S. trade balance in the electrical and optical equipment industry, by selected country or economy on conventional and value-added basis: 2011 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Structural Analysis Database (STAN) | U.S. trade balance in the electrical and optical equipment industry, by selected country or economy on conventional and value-added basis |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-1 | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 2004 | ||
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | China Research Institute for Science Popularization | Chinese National Survey of Public Scientific Literacy | Factual knowledge questions - China |
| Council of Canadian Academies | Science Culture: Where Canada stands(2014) | Factual knowledge questions - Canada | ||
| European Comission | Eurobarometer | Factual knowledge questions - European Union | ||
| Israeli Ministry of Science Technology and Space, Geocartography Knowledge Group | Perceptions and attitudes of the Israeli public about science, technology and space | Factual knowledge questions - Israel | ||
| Korea Science Foundation | Survey of Public Attitudes Towards and Understanding of Science and Technology (S. Korea) | Factual knowledge questions - South Korea | ||
| Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre | Public Awareness of Science, Technology And Innovation (STI) - Malaysia | Factual knowledge questions - Malaysia | ||
| National Council of Applied Economic Research | India Science Report | Factual knowledge questions - India | ||
| National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (Japan) | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology in Japan | Factual knowledge questions - Japan | ||
| National Research University Higher School of Economics (Russia) | Russian Public Opinion of the Knowledge Economy: Science, Innovation, Information Technology, and Education as Drivers of Economic Growth and Quality of Life | Factual knowledge questions - Russia | ||
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 | ||
| University of Zurich, Institute of Mass Communication and Media Research | Science Barometer Switzerland | Factual knowledge questions - Switzerland | ||
| App. Table 7-1 | Public interest in selected issues: 1979-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in selected issues: 1979-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2008–2016 | ||
| Figure 7-2 | Key science and engineering indicators, by selected respondent education, sex, and age: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Key science and engineering indicators: 2016 |
| Table 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 1999–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 2006–2016 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Correct answers to scientific process questions, 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-2 | Public interest in selected issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 |
| Figure 7-3 | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-3 | Primary source of information about current news events, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about current news events: 2016 |
| Figure 7-4 | Public interest in selected science-related issues: 1981–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in science-related issues, 1981-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public interest in science-related issues: 2008–16 | ||
| App. Table 7-4 | Primary source of information about science and technology, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about science and technology: 2016 |
| Figure 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about current news events: 2016 |
| Primary source of information about science and technology: 2016 | ||||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2016 | ||||
| App. Table 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2016 |
| Figure 7-6 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2001–16 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2001 |
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2001 | ||||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2001 | ||||
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2006–16 | ||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2006–16 | ||||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2006–16 | ||||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2004 | ||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2004 | ||||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2004 | ||||
| App. Table 7-6 | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2008–2016 | ||
| Figure 7-7 | Mean number of correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science scale: 1992–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 1992–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 2006–16 | ||
| App. Table 7-7 | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 |
| Figure 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science scale, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions, by respondent characteristic: 1992-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions, by respondent characteristic, 1992-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 2006–16 | ||
| Figure 7-9 | Understanding scientific inquiry, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Understanding scientific inquiry: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to physical and biological science questions, 1985-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Correct answers to physical and biological science questions, 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-10 | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of scientific research: 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-10 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 |
| Figure 7-11 | Public opinion on whether government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public opinion of using government funds for scientific research: 1985-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public opinion of using government funds for scientific research: 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-11 | Correct answers to scientific process questions, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 2016 |
| Figure 7-12 | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 2006–2016 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of astrology: 1979–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of astrology: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of astrology: 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-13 | Public attitudes toward spending in various policy areas: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-13 | Understanding of the term "scientific study," by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2016 |
| Figure 7-14 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-15 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by selected institution: 1973–2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 1973–2016 |
| App. Table 7-15 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2016 |
| Figure 7-16 | Public views about scientists: selected years, 1983–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2012, 2016 | ||
| App. Table 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-17 | Concern about specific environmental issues: 1989–2017 | Gallup | Gallup, Climate Change: Environment | Gallup climate change/environment survey responses |
| App. Table 7-17 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for next generation: 2016 |
| Figure 7-18 | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: selected years, 1993–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: 1993, 1994, 2000 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: 2010, 2016 | ||
| App. Table 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of whether science and technology results in more opportunities: 1985-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for next generation: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of whether science and technology results in more opportunities: 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-19 | Belief in global warming and confidence in that belief: 1989–2017 | Center for Climate Change Communication | Climate Change in the American Mind | How sure respondent is that global warming is happening |
| How sure respondent is that global warming is not happening | ||||
| Respondent agrees that more than 90% of climate scientists think that human-caused global warming is happening | ||||
| Worry about global warming | ||||
| Gallup | Gallup Social Series: Environment | How well respondent understands global warming | ||
| Respondent agrees that most scientists believe that global warming is occurring | ||||
| Worry about global warming or climate change | ||||
| Muhlenberg College and the University of Michigan | National Surveys on Energy and Environment | Concern about global warming | ||
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center, General Public Science Survey | Solid evidence Earth is warming due to human causes | ||
| App. Table 7-19 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2016 |
| Figure 7-20 | Views on nuclear energy: 1994–2017 | Gallup | Gallup Social Series: Environment | Favor use of nuclear energy |
| Opinion of expanding nuclear energy | ||||
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center, December 2014 Political Survey | Favor promoting nuclear energy | ||
| Pew Research Center, General Public Science Survey | Favor building more nuclear power plants | |||
| App. Table 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2004 | ||
| Figure 7-21 | Views on nanotechnology: 2008, 2010, 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Views on nanotechnology: 2008–2016 |
| App. Table 7-21 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic research: 1985-2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public opinion on whether the government should fund basic research: 1985-2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2006–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public opinion on whether the government should fund basic research; 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2002–16 | ||
| University of Michigan Institute for Social Research | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2004 | ||
| App. Table 7-24 | Public assessment of spending on science, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on science: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-25 | Public assessment of spending on health, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on health: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-26 | Public assessment of spending on the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on the environment: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-27 | Public assessment of spending on space, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on space: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-28 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 1973-2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 1973–2016 |
| App. Table 7-29 | Public confidence in science leaders, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public confidence in science leaders: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-30 | Public perception of scientists: 1983,1985, 2001, 2012, 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2012, 2016 | ||
| App. Table 7-31 | Public perception of scientists, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-32 | Public assessment of the danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment: 1993, 1994 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment: 2000 - 16 | ||
| App. Table 7-33 | Public assessment of the danger of air pollution from industry to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of air pollution from industry to the environment: 1993, 1994 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of air pollution from industry to the environment: 2000 - 16 | ||
| App. Table 7-34 | Public assessment of the danger of climate change to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of climate change to the environment: 1993-94 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of climate change to the environment: 2000–16 | ||
| App. Table 7-35 | Public assessment of the danger of nuclear power stations to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2010, 2016 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of nuclear power stations to the environment: 1993-94 |
| NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of nuclear power stations to the environment: 2010–16 | ||
| App. Table 7-36 | Public assessment of the danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2000, 2010, 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment: 2000–16 |
| App. Table 7-37 | Public assessment of the benefits and harms of nanotechnology, by respondent characteristic: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of nanotechnology: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-A | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions, by respondent characteristic: 2006–16 (combined) | NORC at the University of Chicago | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2006–16 |
Chapter 8. Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 8-1 | For companies that performed or funded R&D, shares rating intellectual property as being very or somewhat important: 2011 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Importance of copyrights for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size |
| Importance of design patents for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | ||||
| Importance of mask works for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | ||||
| Importance of trade secrets for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | ||||
| Importance of trademarks for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | ||||
| Importance of utility patents for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | ||||
| Table 8-1 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 2002 and 2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area |
| App. Table 8-1 | USPTO patents granted, by sector: 2002–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by sector |
| Figure 8-2 | USPTO patents granted, by selected U.S. industry: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | USPTO patents granted, by selected U.S. industry |
| Table 8-2 | Selected technology areas of USPTO patents | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Technology areas of USPTO patents |
| App. Table 8-2 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 1996–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area |
| Figure 8-3 | USPTO patents granted to U.S. and non-U.S. academic institutions: 1996–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted to U.S. and non-U.S. academic institutions |
| Table 8-3 | Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, by selected agencies: FYs 2006, 2009, 2012, 2014 | National Institute of Standards and Technology | Federal Laboratory Technology Transfer: Summary Report to the President and the Congress | Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2003-2007 |
| Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2008-2012 | ||||
| Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2010-2014 | ||||
| App. Table 8-3 | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data |
| Figure 8-4 | U.S. academic patents, by selected technology area, 5-year averages: 2002–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | U.S. academic patents, by technology area |
| Table 8-4 | Invention disclosures and patenting, by selected U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2006–14 | National Institute of Standards and Technology | Federal Laboratory Technology Transfer: Summary Report to the President and the Congress | Invention disclosures and patenting, by selected U.S. agencies with federal laboratories |
| App. Table 8-4 | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-5 | USPTO patents granted, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by selected region/country/economy of inventor |
| Table 8-5 | U.S. business-sector publications with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| App. Table 8-5 | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in selected broad technology categories: 2006 and 2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in selected technology categories |
| Table 8-6 | U.S. utility patents citing S&E literature, by patent assignee sector, article author sector, and patent issue year: 2013–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles |
| US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO utility patents | ||
| App. Table 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-7 | USPTO patents granted, by selected country or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by selected region/country/economy of inventor |
| Table 8-7 | SBIR and STTR awards funding, by type of award: Selected years, FYs 1983–2015 | Small Business Administration | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award |
| App. Table 8-7 | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-8 | Patent activity index for selected technologies for the United States, EU, and Japan: 2014–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | National Aeronautics and Space Administration technology development programs | NASA technology development program summary |
| National Institutes of Health | National Institutes of Health technology development programs | NIH technology development program summary | ||
| National Science Foundation, Directorate for Engineering | National Science Foundation technology development programs | NSF technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Agriculture | Department of Agriculture technology development programs | USDA technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Defense | Department of Defense technology development programs | DOD technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Transportation | Department of Transportation technology development programs | DOT technology development program summary | ||
| App. Table 8-8 | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy: 2000–2016 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-9 | Patent activity index of selected technologies for South Korea, Taiwan, and China: 2014–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| Table 8-9 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector |
| App. Table 8-9 | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-10 | U.S. university patenting activities: 2003–15 | Association of University Technology Managers | AUTM Licensing Activity Survey | U.S. university patenting activities |
| Table 8-10 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions |
| App. Table 8-10 | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-11 | Citations of U.S. S&E articles in U.S. patents, by selected S&E article field: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles |
| US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | U.S. patents | ||
| Table 8-11 | International comparison of innovation rate, product and process, by country and firm size: 2012–14 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Innovation rates for U.S. manufacturing and service industries, by type |
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard | Innovation rates for manufacturing and service industries, by country and type | ||
| App. Table 8-11 | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-12 | Citation of U.S. S&E articles in USPTO patents, by selected S&E field and article author sector: 2016 | Elsevier | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by sector | ||
| App. Table 8-12 | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-13 | Exports of intellectual property (charges for their use), by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports of royalties and fees, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-13 | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-14 | Private investment in intangibles, by type, for the manufacturing sector: 1987–2014 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Multifactor Productivity Measures for Major Sectors and Manufacturing | Private investment in intellectual property products, by type, for the manufacturing sector |
| App. Table 8-14 | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-15 | Private investment in intangibles, by type, for the nonmanufacturing sector: 1987–2015 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Multifactor Productivity Measures for Major Sectors and Manufacturing | Private investment in intellectual property products, by type, for the nonmanufacturing sector |
| App. Table 8-15 | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-16 | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage: 2003–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage |
| App. Table 8-16 | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-17 | Seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy: 2006–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| App. Table 8-17 | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-18 | Global seed-stage venture capital investment: 2006–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global seed-stage venture capital investment |
| App. Table 8-18 | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-19 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-19 | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-20 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2013 and 2016 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-20 | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-21 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2013 and 2016 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-21 | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-22 | Early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy: 2006–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| App. Table 8-22 | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-23 | Early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected country: 2006–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| App. Table 8-23 | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-24 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-24 | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-25 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | China early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-25 | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies: 2014–16 | US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| Figure 8-26 | Share of U.S. manufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Share of U.S. manufacturing companies reporting innovation activities, by selected industry |
| App. Table 8-26 | Academic patenting and licensing activities: 2001–15 | Association of University Technology Managers | AUTM Licensing Activity Survey | Academic patenting and licensing activities |
| Figure 8-27 | Share of U.S. nonmanufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Share of U.S. nonmanufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry |
| App. Table 8-27 | Federal technology transfer activity indicators for U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2001–14 | National Institute of Standards and Technology | Federal Laboratory Technology Transfer: Summary Report to the President and the Congress | Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 1999-2003 |
| Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2003-2007 | ||||
| Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2008-2012 | ||||
| Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, total and for selected agencies: FYs 2010-2014 | ||||
| Figure 8-28 | Labor and multifactor productivity annual growth, multiyear averages, private nonfarm business sector: 1990–2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | BLS Productivity Statistics | Productivity, output, and inputs in the private nonfarm business and private business sectors for selected periods |
| App. Table 8-28 | Citation of S&E articles in USPTO patents, by cited field and cited country and sector: 2013–16 | Elsevier | Scopus | S&E articles by field, country, and sector |
| US Patent and Trademark Office | PatentsView | USPTO patents | ||
| Figure 8-29 | Contributions to GDP growth, average: 2001-07 and 2009-15, selected OECD countries | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | OECD Compendium of Productivity Indicators | Contributions to GDP growth: Total economy, annual percentage point contribution |
| App. Table 8-29 | Exports and imports of charges for the use of intellectual property, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | World Trade Organization | International Trade and Tariff Data | Exports and imports of charges for the use of intellectual property, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-30 | Share of firms, job creation, and employment from firms 5 years old or younger: 1982–2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | Business Dynamics Statistics | Share of firms, job creation, and employment from firms 5 years old or younger |
| App. Table 8-30 | Global venture capital investment, by selected financing stage and selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage and selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-31 | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data (Pitchbook) |
| App. Table 8-32 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
| App. Table 8-33 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
| App. Table 8-34 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | PitchBook | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
| App. Table 8-35 | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award: FYs 1983–2015 | Small Business Administration | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award |
| App. Table 8-36 | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1983–2015 | Small Business Administration | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency |
| App. Table 8-37 | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1995–2015 | Small Business Administration | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention technology development programs | CDC technology development program summary |
| Economic Development Administration | Economic Development Administration technology development programs | EDA technology development program summary | ||
| Environmental Protection Agency | Environmental Protection Agency technology development programs | EPA technology development program summary | ||
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration | National Aeronautics and Space Administration technology development programs | NASA technology development program summary | ||
| National Institute of Standards and Technology | National Institute of Standards and Technology technology development programs | NIST technology development program summary | ||
| National Institutes of Health | National Institutes of Health technology development programs | NIH technology development program summary | ||
| National Science Foundation, Directorate for Engineering | National Science Foundation technology development programs | NSF technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Agriculture | Department of Agriculture technology development programs | USDA technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Defense | Department of Defense technology development programs | DOD technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Energy | Department of Energy technology development programs | DOE technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Department of Homeland Security technology development programs | DHS technology development program summary | ||
| U.S. Department of Transportation | Department of Transportation technology development programs | DOT technology development program summary |
1science
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 5-A | Share of publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access: 2006-15 | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Share of publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA |
| Figure 5-B | Annual percentage of U.S. publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access: 2006-15 | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Annual percentage of U.S. publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA |
| Figure 5-C | Percentage of publications available in publisher-provided open access and total open access, by research domain: 2006-15 | 1science Open Access Tabulations | Percentage of publications available in publisher-provided OA and total OA, by research domain |
American College Testing (ACT)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 1-26 | Chapter summary of U.S. performance on K–12 STEM indicators | The Condition of College and Career Readiness | The Condition of College and Career Readiness 2016 |
| Figure 1-A | ACT-tested 2016 high school graduates meeting ACT college readiness benchmarks in mathematics and science | The Condition of College and Career Readiness | The Condition of College and Career Readiness 2016 |
American Society for Engineering Education
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 2-17 | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering and engineering technology programs: 2006–15 | Engineering by the Numbers | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering |
Association of University Technology Managers
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 8-10 | U.S. university patenting activities: 2003–15 | AUTM Licensing Activity Survey | U.S. university patenting activities |
| App. Table 8-26 | Academic patenting and licensing activities: 2001–15 | AUTM Licensing Activity Survey | Academic patenting and licensing activities |
Bloomberg New Energy Finance
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-34 | Private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by type of financing: 2006, 2010, and 2016 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by type of financing |
| Figure 6-36 | Global generation capacity of sustainable energy, by source: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global generation capacity of sustainable energy, by source |
| Figure 6-37 | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country |
| Figure 6-38 | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Global venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| Figure 6-39 | U.S. venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2011–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | U.S. venture capital and private equity investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| Figure 6-40 | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region or country |
| Figure 6-41 | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage private investment in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| Figure 6-42 | Cumulative change in later-stage sustainable energy technologies private investment, by selected region or country and technology area: 2013–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Cumulative change in later-stage sustainable energy technologies private investment, by selected region or country and technology area |
| Figure 6-43 | Generation capacity in solar and wind by selected region or country: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Generation capacity in solar and wind by selected region or country |
| App. Table 6-44 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies and solar, by region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Later-stage sustainable energy investment in solar, by region, country, or economy | |||
| App. Table 6-45 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind and energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2004–16 | Bloomberg New Energy Finance Data | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind, by region, country, or economy |
Bureau of Economic Analysis
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 4-1 | U.S. gross domestic product, R&D, and ratio of R&D to gross domestic product (and components): 1953–2015 | National Economic Accounts | Current dollar and real GDP |
| App. Table 4-10 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2015 | Regional Economic Accounts | Gross domestic product by state, current dollars |
| App. Table 4-11 | U.S. R&D and gross domestic product, by state: 2015 | Regional Economic Accounts | Gross domestic product by state, current dollars |
| Table 4-13 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by selected industry of affiliate and investor country: 2014 | Survey of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by selected industry of affiliate and investor country |
| Table 4-14 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected industry of affiliate and host region, country, or economy: 2014 | Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad | Direct Investment and Multinational Enterprises (annual series) |
| App. Table 4-15 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by region, country, or economy of ultimate beneficial owner: 1997–2014 | Survey of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States | Direct Investment and Multinational Enteprises (annual series) |
| App. Table 4-16 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by NAICS industry of affiliate: 2007–14 | Survey of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States | Direct Investment and Multinational Enteprises (annual series) |
| App. Table 4-17 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by region, country, or economy: 1997–2014 | Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad | Direct Investment and Multinational Enterprises (annual series) |
| App. Table 4-18 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected NAICS industry of affiliate: 2009–14 | Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad | Direct Investment and Multinational Enterprises (annual series) |
| App. Table 4-19 | R&D performed in the United States by U.S. multinational company parent companies, by NAICS industry: 2009–14 | Survey of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States | Direct Investment and Multinational Enteprises (annual series) |
| Table 4-A | Top 10 states in U.S. R&D performance, by sector and intensity: 2015 | Regional Economic Accounts | Gross domestic product by state, current dollars |
Bureau of Labor Statistics
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 3-1 | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category: 2015 and 2016 | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| App. Table 3-2 | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of occupational employment: 2014–24 | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| Table 3-8 | Employment in S&E occupations, by major industry: May 2016 | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 National Industry-Specific Estimates |
| Table 3-9 | Metropolitan areas with largest proportion of workers in S&E occupations: May 2016 | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 Metropolitan Area Employment Estimates |
| Table 3-13 | Annual salaries in science, technology, and related occupations: May 2013–May 2016 | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| Figure 3-A | Projected increases in employment for S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-A | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of employment and job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 3-B | Projected job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 6-7 | U.S. employment in commercial KI services: 2006–16 | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in commercial KI services |
| Figure 6-12 | U.S. employment in HT manufacturing industries: 2006–16 | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in HT manufacturing industries |
| Figure 6-20 | U.S. employment in MHT manufacturing industries: 2006–16 | Current Employment Statistics Survey | U.S. employment in MHT manufacturing industries |
| Figure 8-14 | Private investment in intangibles, by type, for the manufacturing sector: 1987–2014 | Multifactor Productivity Measures for Major Sectors and Manufacturing | Private investment in intellectual property products, by type, for the manufacturing sector |
| Figure 8-15 | Private investment in intangibles, by type, for the nonmanufacturing sector: 1987–2015 | Multifactor Productivity Measures for Major Sectors and Manufacturing | Private investment in intellectual property products, by type, for the nonmanufacturing sector |
| Figure 8-28 | Labor and multifactor productivity annual growth, multiyear averages, private nonfarm business sector: 1990–2016 | BLS Productivity Statistics | Productivity, output, and inputs in the private nonfarm business and private business sectors for selected periods |
Center for Climate Change Communication
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-19 | Belief in global warming and confidence in that belief: 1989–2017 | Climate Change in the American Mind | How sure respondent is that global warming is happening |
| How sure respondent is that global warming is not happening | |||
| Respondent agrees that more than 90% of climate scientists think that human-caused global warming is happening | |||
| Worry about global warming |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention technology development programs | CDC technology development program summary |
China Research Institute for Science Popularization
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Chinese National Survey of Public Scientific Literacy | Factual knowledge questions - China |
Council of Canadian Academies
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Science Culture: Where Canada stands(2014) | Factual knowledge questions - Canada |
Economic Development Administration
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Economic Development Administration technology development programs | EDA technology development program summary |
Elsevier
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 5-22 | S&E articles, by global share of selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-22 | S&E articles in all fields, by country or economy: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-23 | U.S. academic and non-academic S&E articles: 2003-16 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| Table 5-23 | S&E research portfolios of selected region, country, or economy, by field: 2016 | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| S&E articles in agricultural sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in astronomy by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in biological sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in chemistry by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in computer sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in engineering by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in geosciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in mathematics by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in medical sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in other life sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in physics by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in psychology by region, country, or economy | |||
| S&E articles in social sciences by region, country, or economy | |||
| Figure 5-24 | Share of world articles in all fields with authors from multiple institutions, domestic-only institutions, and international coauthorship: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | Share of world articles in all fields with authors from multiple institutions, domestic-only institutions, and international coauthorship |
| Table 5-24 | Share of U.S. S&E articles, by sector and field: 2016 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| Figure 5-25 | Share of world S&E articles with international collaboration, by S&E field: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | Share of world S&E articles with international collaboration, by S&E field |
| Table 5-25 | Shares of U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| Figure 5-26 | Share of S&E articles internationally coauthored, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | S&E articles in all fields by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-26 | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy: 2016 | Scopus | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy |
| App. Table 5-26 | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data | Scopus | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data (Scopus) |
| Figure 5-27 | Share of citations to selected region, country, or economy that are received from authors abroad: 1996–2014 | Scopus | Citations from international S&E publications by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-27 | Index of international collaboration on S&E articles, by selected country or economy pair: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-27 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Scopus | All S&E articles by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-28 | Average relative citations, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Scopus | Average of relative citations in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| Table 5-28 | Relative citation index, by selected region, country, or economic pair: 2014 | Scopus | Relative citation index by selected country pair |
| App. Table 5-28 | S&E articles in agricultural sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Scopus | S&E articles in agricultural sciences by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-29 | Average relative citations for the United States, by S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | Scopus | Average of relative citations for the United States, by scientific field |
| App. Table 5-29 | S&E articles in astronomy, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in astronomy by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-30 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most cited publications, by selected region, country, or economy: 2004–14 | Scopus | Share of publications in top 1% most-cited articles in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-30 | S&E articles in biological sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Scopus | S&E articles in biological sciences by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-31 | S&E publication output in the top 1% of cited publications, by selected region, country, or economy: 2004–14 | Scopus | Share of U.S., EU, and selected European countries S&E articles that are in the world’s top 1% of cited articles |
| App. Table 5-31 | S&E articles in chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in chemistry by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-32 | Average relative citations for U.S. S&E articles, by sector: 2004-14 | Scopus | Average of relative citations of U.S. S&E articles by sector |
| App. Table 5-32 | S&E articles in computer sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–2016 | Scopus | S&E articles in computer sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-33 | S&E articles in engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2003–2016 | Scopus | S&E articles in engineering by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-34 | S&E articles in geosciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Scopus | S&E articles in geosciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-35 | S&E articles in mathematics, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in mathematics by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-36 | S&E articles in medical sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in medical sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-37 | S&E articles in other life sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in other life sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-38 | S&E articles in physics, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in physics by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-39 | S&E articles in psychology, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | Scopus | S&E articles in psychology by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-40 | S&E articles in social sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles in social sciences by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-41 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and sector: 2003-16 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| App. Table 5-42 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy: 2003-16 | Scopus | S&E articles by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-43 | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2006 and 2016 | Scopus | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-44 | Internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2003 and 2016 | Scopus | Internationally coauthored S&E publications by selected region, country, or economy pairs |
| App. Table 5-45 | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2003 and 2016 | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| App. Table 5-46 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute: 2003-16 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute |
| App. Table 5-47 | Citations from international S&E publications, by region, country, or economy: 1996-2014 | Scopus | Citations from international S&E publications by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-48 | Share of S&E articles, by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author: 2004 and 2014 | Scopus | Share of S&E articles by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author |
| App. Table 5-49 | Average relative citations for the United States, by scientific field: 1996–2014 | Scopus | Average of relative citations for the United States, by scientific field |
| App. Table 5-50 | Average relative citations in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Scopus | Average of relative citations in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 5-51 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most-cited articles in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | Scopus | Share of publications in top 1% most-cited articles in the Scopus database by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 5-D | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by year: 2006-16 | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Table 5-D | Number of titles and publications filtered from the Scopus database | Scopus | Number of titles and publications filtered |
| Figure 5-E | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by region, country, or economy: 2006-16 | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-F | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus, by WebCASPAR field: 2006–16 | Scopus | Filtered and unfiltered publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-G | Trends in the proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus: 2006–15 | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-H | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications, by field: 2006–15 | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
| Figure 5-I | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications, by country: 2006–15 | Scopus | Proportion of female authors of S&E publications in Scopus |
| Table 8-5 | U.S. business-sector publications with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2016 | Scopus | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions |
| Table 8-6 | U.S. utility patents citing S&E literature, by patent assignee sector, article author sector, and patent issue year: 2013–16 | Scopus | S&E articles |
| Figure 8-11 | Citations of U.S. S&E articles in U.S. patents, by selected S&E article field: 2016 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles |
| Figure 8-12 | Citation of U.S. S&E articles in USPTO patents, by selected S&E field and article author sector: 2016 | Scopus | U.S. S&E articles by field and sector |
| App. Table 8-28 | Citation of S&E articles in USPTO patents, by cited field and cited country and sector: 2013–16 | Scopus | S&E articles by field, country, and sector |
Environmental Protection Agency
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Environmental Protection Agency technology development programs | EPA technology development program summary |
European Comission
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Eurobarometer | Factual knowledge questions - European Union |
Federal Reserve
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-A | Growth in output of selected categories of industries, by selected country or economy: 2011–16 | Federal Reserve Economic Research and Data | Foreign Exchange Rates |
| Figure 6-B | U.S. dollar exchange rate with selected currencies: 2011–16 | Federal Reserve Economic Research and Data | U.S. dollar exchange rate with selected currencies |
Gallup
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-17 | Concern about specific environmental issues: 1989–2017 | Gallup, Climate Change: Environment | Gallup climate change/environment survey responses |
| Figure 7-19 | Belief in global warming and confidence in that belief: 1989–2017 | Gallup Social Series: Environment | How well respondent understands global warming |
| Respondent agrees that most scientists believe that global warming is occurring | |||
| Worry about global warming or climate change | |||
| Figure 7-20 | Views on nuclear energy: 1994–2017 | Gallup Social Series: Environment | Favor use of nuclear energy |
| Opinion of expanding nuclear energy |
General Motors
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-17 | Manufacturing facilities of General Motors, Toyota, and Volkswagen, by selected region, country, or economy: 2016 | GM Corporate Newsroom | GM plants & facilities |
Google
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 1-19 | Percentage of principals reporting that their schools offer at least one computer science course, by grade level, size, and locale: 2016 | Trends in the State of Computer Science in U.S. K-12 Schools | Percentage of principals reporting that their schools offer at least one computer science course, by grade level, size, and urbanicity |
Higher Education Statistics Agency
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 2-42 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in United Kingdom universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: Academic years 2005–06 and 2015–16 | Higher Education Statistics Agency Data | Foreign students enrollment in UK universities |
IHS Global Insight
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-1 | Global KTI industries by output and share of GDP: 2016 | World Industry Service | Global KTI industries by output and share of GDP |
| App. Table 6-1 | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data | World Industry Service | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data (IHS) |
| Figure 6-2 | Selected industry category share of GDP of developed and developing economies: 2016 | World Industry Service | Commercial KI services share of GDP |
| HT manufacturing industries share of GDP | |||
| MHT manufacturing industries share of GDP | |||
| Public KI services share of GDP | |||
| Table 6-2 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | World Industry Service | Global valued added for low-technology manufacturing industries |
| Global valued added for medium-low technology manufacturing industries | |||
| Global valued added for real estate | |||
| Global valued added for restaurants and hotels | |||
| Global valued added for retail and wholesale trade | |||
| Global valued added for transport and storage | |||
| App. Table 6-2 | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-3 | Output of KTI industries as a share of the GDP of selected countries or economies: 2016 | World Industry Service | Commercial KI services share of GDP |
| HT manufacturing industries share of GDP | |||
| MHT manufacturing industries share of GDP | |||
| Public KI services share of GDP | |||
| Table 6-3 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | World Industry Service | Global valued added for agriculture, forestry, and fishing |
| Global valued added for construction | |||
| Global valued added for mining | |||
| Global valued added for utilities | |||
| App. Table 6-3 | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy: Selected years, 2001–2016 | Global Economic Data (IHS) | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy (IHS Global Economic Data) |
| Figure 6-4 | ICT business spending as a share of selected industry categories for selected countries or economies: 2016 | Global ICT Navigator | ICT business spending as a share of selected industry categories |
| App. Table 6-4 | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-5 | Output of education and health care for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | World Industry Service | Output of education and health care for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-5 | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | World Industry Service | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-6 | Output of commercial KI services for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | World Industry Service | Output of commercial KI services for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-6 | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | World Industry Service | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-7 | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-8 | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | World Industry Service | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-9 | Growth in real GDP, by selected region, country, or economy: 2009–16 | Global Economic Data (IHS) | Growth in real GDP, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-9 | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | World Industry Service | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-10 | Global value-added shares of selected service industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2016 | World Industry Service | Global value-added shares of selected service industries for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-10 | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-11 | Output of HT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | World Industry Service | Output of HT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-11 | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-12 | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-13 | HT manufacturing industries of selected regions, countries, or economies: 2016 | World Industry Service | HT manufacturing industries of selected regions, countries, or economies |
| App. Table 6-13 | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-14 | Annual change in value-added output of selected manufacturing industries in China: 2010–15 | World Industry Service | Annual change in value-added output of selected manufacturing industries in China |
| App. Table 6-14 | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-15 | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies in ICT manufacturing industries: 2016 | World Industry Service | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies in ICT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-15 | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-16 | Output of MHT manufacturing industries for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-16 | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-17 | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-18 | Output of motor vehicles and parts industry for selected regions, countries, or economies: 2003–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-18 | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-19 | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies of MHT manufacturing industries: 2016 | World Industry Service | Global share of selected regions, countries, or economies of MHT manufacturing industries |
| App. Table 6-19 | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-20 | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-21 | Global exports of commercial KTI products and services: 2008–16 | World Trade Service | Global exports of commercial KTI products and services |
| App. Table 6-21 | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-22 | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-23 | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-24 | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Industry Service | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-26 | Exports of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | World Trade Service | Exports of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-26 | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-27 | Trade balance of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | World Trade Service | Trade balance of HT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-27 | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-28 | Trade in ICT products of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected trading partner: 2016 | World Trade Service | Trade in ICT products of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected trading partner |
| Figure 6-29 | Exports of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | World Trade Service | Exports of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-30 | Trade balance of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy: 2005–16 | World Trade Service | Trade balance of MHT products, by selected region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-31 | China and EU MHT trade, by product: 2016 | World Trade Service | China and EU MHT trade, by product |
| App. Table 6-31 | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-32 | Trade in motor vehicles and parts of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected partner: 2016 | World Trade Service | Trade in motor vehicles and parts of selected regions, countries, or economies, by selected partner |
| App. Table 6-32 | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-33 | Japan and United States trade in MHT products, by product: 2016 | World Trade Service | Japan and United States trade in MHT products, by product |
| App. Table 6-33 | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-34 | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-35 | Exports and imports of testing, measuring, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of measuring, testing, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-36 | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-37 | Exports and imports of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of aircraft products, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-38 | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data | World Trade Service | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data (IHS) |
| App. Table 6-39 | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-40 | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-41 | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-42 | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-43 | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | World Trade Service | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-A | Growth in output of selected categories of industries, by selected country or economy: 2011–16 | World Industry Service | Growth in output of selected categories of industries, by selected country or economy |
India Department of Higher Education
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-25 | Natural sciences and engineering doctoral degrees, by selected country: 2000–14 | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (various years) |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| App. Table 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
Internal Revenue Service
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 4-14 | Federal research and experimentation tax credit claims, by NAICS industry: 2001–13 | Statistics of Income Program | SOI Tax Stats - Corporation Research Credit |
International Energy Agency
Israeli Ministry of Science Technology and Space, Geocartography Knowledge Group
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Perceptions and attitudes of the Israeli public about science, technology and space | Factual knowledge questions - Israel |
Korea Science Foundation
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Survey of Public Attitudes Towards and Understanding of Science and Technology (S. Korea) | Factual knowledge questions - South Korea |
Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Public Awareness of Science, Technology And Innovation (STI) - Malaysia | Factual knowledge questions - Malaysia |
Ministry of Education (Singapore)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) |
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) |
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | Doctoral degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) |
Ministry of Education (Taiwan)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-24 | First university natural sciences and engineering degrees, by selected country or economy: 2000–14 | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) |
| App. Table 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) |
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) |
| App. Table 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) |
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-24 | First university natural sciences and engineering degrees, by selected country or economy: 2000–14 | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) |
| Figure 2-25 | Natural sciences and engineering doctoral degrees, by selected country: 2000–14 | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) |
| App. Table 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) |
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) |
| App. Table 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) |
| App. Table 2-43 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in Japanese universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: 2004 and 2016 | Survey of Education (Japan) | Graduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities |
| Undergraduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities |
MIT Center for Digital Business
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-D | Headquarters of platform companies, by selected region: 2015 | Platform Shift: How New Biz Models Are Changing the Shape of Industry | Headquarters of platform companies, by selected region |
Muhlenberg College and the University of Michigan
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-19 | Belief in global warming and confidence in that belief: 1989–2017 | National Surveys on Energy and Environment | Concern about global warming |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Aeronautics and Space Administration technology development programs | NASA technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Aeronautics and Space Administration technology development programs | NASA technology development program summary |
National Bureau of Statistics of China
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-24 | First university natural sciences and engineering degrees, by selected country or economy: 2000–14 | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) |
| Figure 2-25 | Natural sciences and engineering doctoral degrees, by selected country: 2000–14 | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) |
| App. Table 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) |
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) |
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) |
| App. Table 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) |
National Council of Applied Economic Research
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | India Science Report | Factual knowledge questions - India |
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (Japan)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology in Japan | Factual knowledge questions - Japan |
National Institute of Standards and Technology
National Institutes of Health
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 5-21 | NIH and NSF research grant applications and funding success rates: 2001–16 | NIH Research Grant Data | NIH research grant applications and funding success rates |
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Institutes of Health technology development programs | NIH technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Institutes of Health technology development programs | NIH technology development program summary |
National Research University Higher School of Economics (Russia)
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Russian Public Opinion of the Knowledge Economy: Science, Innovation, Information Technology, and Education as Drivers of Economic Growth and Quality of Life | Factual knowledge questions - Russia |
National Science Foundation, Directorate for Engineering
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Science Foundation technology development programs | NSF technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | National Science Foundation technology development programs | NSF technology development program summary |
National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 2-3 | Distribution of U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high-Hispanic-enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from high-Hispanic-enrollment institutions |
| Table 2-4 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from an HBCU, by ethnicity and race |
| Table 2-5 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients reporting earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race |
| Figure 2-6 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support |
| Table 2-6 | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level |
| Figure 2-7 | Full-time S&E graduate students with primary support from federal government, by field: 2015 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| Figure 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| App. Table 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates by source and mechanism of primary support |
| Table 2-9 | Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| App. Table 2-9 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| App. Table 2-10 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| App. Table 2-11 | Proportion of full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| App. Table 2-12 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Table 2-13 | Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2000–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-13 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2015 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field | |||
| Table 2-14 | Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients on temporary visas |
| App. Table 2-14 | Doctorate recipients' source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2013–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| Table 2-15 | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-15 | Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | S&E doctorate recipients undergraduate and graduate debt |
| Table 2-16 | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region or country of origin: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas |
| Table 2-17 | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region and country of origin: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| Figure 2-19 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected Asian country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| Figure 2-20 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected European country: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients by selected European country |
| Figure 2-21 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Europe, by region: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients from Europe |
| Figure 2-22 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil |
| App. Table 2-23 | S&E graduate enrollment, by field: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment, by field |
| App. Table 2-24 | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field |
| App. Table 2-25 | S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment by citizenship and field |
| App. Table 2-30 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1985–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-31 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, race, ethnicity, and broad field of study |
| Figure 3-1 | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category: 2015 and 2016 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category (NSCG) |
| Figure 3-2 | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| Table 3-2 | Classification of degree fields and occupation | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| Table 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed in S&E occupations (NSCG) |
| Employed workers with at least one degree in S&E field | |||
| Job relatedness to highest degree for those with highest degree in S&E field, by occupation | |||
| Job requires S&E technical expertise at bachelor's level | |||
| App. Table 3-3 | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-4 | Average annual growth in the total number of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003–15 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003 | ||
| Table 3-4 | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category |
| App. Table 3-4 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders |
| Employment sector of workers in S&E occupations | |||
| Table 3-5 | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations |
| App. Table 3-5 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-6 | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 |
| Table 3-6 | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field |
| App. Table 3-6 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex |
| Figure 3-7 | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree |
| Table 3-7 | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business |
| App. Table 3-7 | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status |
| Figure 3-8 | S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Percent of S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree |
| App. Table 3-8 | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: Selected years, 2003–15 | SESTAT Integrated File | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-9 | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree |
| App. Table 3-9 | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-10 | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector |
| Table 3-10 | R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations and active in R&D, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree |
| Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree | |||
| App. Table 3-10 | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1975–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: 1975, 1985 |
| Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1995–2015 | |||
| Figure 3-11 | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector |
| Table 3-11 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation |
| App. Table 3-11 | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-12 | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size |
| Table 3-12 | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 2003–15 | SESTAT Integrated File | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field |
| App. Table 3-12 | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation |
| Figure 3-13 | Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest deree and broad occupational category | |||
| App. Table 3-13 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree |
| Figure 3-14 | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree |
| Table 3-14 | Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Involuntary out-of-field (IOF) rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree |
| Median annual salary for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | |||
| Unemployment rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | |||
| App. Table 3-14 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category |
| Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category | |||
| Figure 3-15 | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-15 | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–15 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree |
| App. Table 3-15 | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Table 3-16 | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: Selected years, 1993–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree |
| App. Table 3-16 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree |
| Figure 3-17 | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-17 | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector |
| App. Table 3-17 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation | |||
| Figure 3-18 | Median salaries for employed, college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-18 | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree |
| App. Table 3-18 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation | |||
| Figure 3-19 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals in S&E occupations |
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with college degrees | |||
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E | |||
| App. Table 3-19 | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity |
| Figure 3-20 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-20 | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: Selected years, 1993–2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 1993–2015 | ||
| Figure 3-21 | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate |
| Table 3-21 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| App. Table 3-21 | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2004–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin |
| Figure 3-22 | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 | ||
| Table 3-22 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| Figure 3-23 | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree |
| Table 3-23 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 | ||
| Figure 3-24 | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree |
| Table 3-24 | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003 | ||
| Figure 3-25 | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age |
| Table 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 1995, 2003 | ||
| Figure 3-26 | Women in the workforce and in S&E: 1993 and 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Women as a percentage of S&E highest degree holders |
| Women as a percentage of the college-educated workforce | |||
| Women in S&E occupations: 2015 | |||
| Figure 3-27 | Women in S&E occupations: 1993–2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Women in S&E occupations: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Women in S&E occupations: 1993-2015 | ||
| Table 3-27 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field |
| Figure 3-28 | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993–2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993-2015 | ||
| Table 3-28 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree |
| Figure 3-29 | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age: 2015 | SESTAT Integrated File | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age |
| Figure 3-30 | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-31 | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-32 | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category |
| Figure 3-33 | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth |
| Figure 3-35 | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate: 1995–2015 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate |
| Figure 3-36 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation, 2001–15 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation |
| Figure 3-37 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 |
| Table 3-B | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution and region of employment: 2001–15 combined | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-C | Region and state of doctoral institution and employment of doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector: 2001–15 combined | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-D | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution |
| Table 3-E | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-F | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Figure 4-1 | U.S. R&D, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series | |||
| Table 4-1 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 2008–15 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-1 | U.S. gross domestic product, R&D, and ratio of R&D to gross domestic product (and components): 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | Gross domestic product, total R&D, ratio of R&D to gross domestic product: 1953-2015 |
| Figure 4-2 | Year-to-year changes in U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector: 2010–15 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| Table 4-2 | Annual rates of growth in U.S. R&D expenditures, total and by performing sectors: 1988–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-2 | U.S. research and development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds |
| Figure 4-3 | Ratio of U.S. R&D to gross domestic product, by roles of federal, business, and other nonfederal funding for R&D: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. gross domestic product and R&D: 1953–2015: Gross domestic product, total R&D, ratio of R&D to gross domestic product |
| Table 4-3 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector, source of funds, and type of work: 2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | |||
| U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | |||
| App. Table 4-3 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector |
| Figure 4-4 | U.S. total R&D expenditures, by source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series |
| Table 4-4 | U.S. R&D expenditures by type of work: Selected years, 1970–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | |||
| U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | |||
| App. Table 4-4 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-5 | U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-6 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds |
| App. Table 4-7 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector |
| Figure 4-8 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant: FYs 1980–2016 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research and development, by type of R&D, and for R&D plant: FYs 1951–2017 |
| Table 4-8 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States: 2008–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States |
| App. Table 4-8 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector |
| Figure 4-9 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, current vs. constant dollars: FYs 1980–2016 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research, development, and R&D plant obligations by typ of R&D: FYs 1951–2017 |
| Table 4-9 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2015 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2015 |
| App. Table 4-9 | U.S. development expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. development expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector |
| Figure 4-10 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by selected agencies: FYs 2007–16 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research, development, and R&D plant, by agency: FYs 2007–17 |
| Table 4-10 | Sales and R&D intensity for companies that performed or funded R&D, by selected industry: 2015 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Sales and R&D intensity for companies that performed or funded R&D, by selected industry |
| App. Table 4-10 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, by sector and source of funds |
| Figure 4-11 | Federal obligations for R&D, by agency and type of work: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research and development obligations, by agency and type of R&D: FY 2015 |
| Table 4-11 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by size of company: Selected years, 2008–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by size of company |
| App. Table 4-11 | U.S. R&D and gross domestic product, by state: 2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by state |
| Figure 4-12 | Federal obligations for research, by agency and major S&E field: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research obligations by agency and field of science and engineering: FY 2015 |
| App. Table 4-13 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2008–14 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2015 |
| Table 4-15 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency: FYs 2007–16 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research, development, and R&D plant, by agency: FYs 2007–17 |
| Table 4-16 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for R&D plant, by agency and performer: FY 2015 |
| Federal obligations for research and development, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | |||
| Table 4-17 | Federal obligations for R&D, by agency and type of work: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research and development obligations, by agency and type of R&D: FY 2015 |
| App. Table 4-20 | Difference in federal R&D support, as reported by performers and federal agencies: 1985–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series |
| Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research and development, by performer | ||
| App. Table 4-21 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by type of work: FYs 1953–2016 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research, development, and R&D plant obligations by typ of R&D: FYs 1951–2017 |
| App. Table 4-22 | Federal funding for R&D and R&D plant, budget authority versus obligations: FYs 1953–2016 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal budget authority for R&D and R&D plant |
| Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant | |||
| App. Table 4-23 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency, performer, and type of work: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for applied research, by agency and performer: FY 2015 |
| Federal obligations for basic research, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | |||
| Federal obligations for development, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | |||
| Federal obligations for R&D plant, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | |||
| App. Table 4-24 | Federal obligations for research, by agency and S&E field: FY 2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Research obligations by agency and field of science and engineering: FY 2015 |
| App. Table 4-25 | Federal obligations for research, by detailed S&E field: Selected years, FYs 1990–2015 | Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research, by detailed field of science and engineering: FYs 2007-17 |
| Federal obligations for research, by detailed field of science and engineering: FYs 1990-2000 | |||
| Federal obligations for research, by detailed field of science and engineering: FYs 1996-2006 | |||
| Figure 4-A | Difference in federal R&D support, as reported by performers and federal agencies: 1985–2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series |
| Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development | Federal obligations for research and development, by performer | ||
| Table 4-A | Top 10 states in U.S. R&D performance, by sector and intensity: 2015 | National Patterns of R&D Resources | R&D performance by state: 2015 |
| Figure 5-1 | Academic R&D expenditures, by source of funding: FYs 1972–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures for S&E by funding source |
| Table 5-1 | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by field: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges |
| App. Table 5-1 | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by type of R&D: FYs 1953–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by character of work (annual series) |
| Figure 5-2 | Federal and nonfederal funding of academic R&D expenditures: FYs 1997–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally financed and total higher education R&D expenditures for S&E |
| Table 5-2 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source, character of work, and institution type: FYs 2012–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures by source, character of work, and institution type |
| App. Table 5-2 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: Selected years, FYs 1990–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Sources of S&E R&D funds at public and private academic institutions |
| Figure 5-3 | Federally financed academic R&D expenditures, by agency and S&E field: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally Financed R&D Expenditures by agency and field |
| Table 5-3 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education R&D expenditures by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost |
| App. Table 5-3 | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by federal agency and field: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures by federal agency and R&D field |
| Figure 5-4 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Sources of S&E R&D funding by academic institution type |
| Table 5-4 | Top six federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic S&E R&D expenditures |
| App. Table 5-4 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds and field: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures by funding source and field |
| Figure 5-5 | Share of academic R&D, by institution rank in R&D expenditures: FYs 1997–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures ranked by R&D expenditures (annual series) |
| Table 5-5 | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field: FY 2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field |
| App. Table 5-5 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 2007–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total higher education R&D expenditures by field of S&E |
| Figure 5-6 | Change in S&E research space in academic institutions, by 2-year period: FYs 1988–2015 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Academic science and engineering research space, by field (annual series) |
| Table 5-6 | Growth of academic R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 1997–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Growth of academic R&D expenditures by S&E field |
| App. Table 5-6 | Higher education R&D expenditures at top 100 R&D-performing institutions, ranked by FY 2015 R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Higher education S&E R&D expenditures ranked by R&D expenditures |
| Figure 5-7 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007 and 2015 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Research Space at Academic Institutions |
| Table 5-7 | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures for S&E and all fields by institutional control and Carnegie classification |
| App. Table 5-7 | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients: FYs 2012–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients |
| Figure 5-8 | Current fund expenditures for S&E research equipment at academic institutions, by selected S&E field: Fys 2006-16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Current fund expenditures for S&E research equipment at academic institutions |
| Table 5-8 | Higher education R&D expenditures at all universities and colleges financed by institutional funds, by source, fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and institutionally financed higher education R&D expenditures for all fields, by source, fiscal year, institutional type, and Carnegie Classification |
| App. Table 5-8 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007–2013 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Academic science and engineering research space, by field (annual series) |
| Figure 5-9 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic by position type |
| Table 5-9 | Condition of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field: FY 2015 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Condition of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field |
| App. Table 5-9 | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions by public and private institution |
| Source of funds for new construction of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by type of institution | |||
| Source of funds for new construction of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution | |||
| Figure 5-10 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by field: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by S&E field |
| Table 5-10 | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction: FYs 2006–17 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction (annual series) |
| App. Table 5-10 | Costs for repair and renovation of research space at academic institutions, by S&E field and time of repair and renovation: FYs 2014–17 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Costs for repair and renovation by field, research animal space, and time of repair and renovation |
| Figure 5-11 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995-2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure Status of S&E Doctorate Holders |
| Table 5-11 | Tenure status, by field of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status by field of doctorate |
| App. Table 5-11 | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions |
| Figure 5-12 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia, by academic rank: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia by academic rank |
| Table 5-12 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of academically employed S&E doctorate holders by age |
| App. Table 5-12 | Current fund expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002-2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions by S&E field |
| Figure 5-13 | Women as a percentage of younger and older S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia, by academic rank: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of academically employed S&E doctorate holders by age |
| Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by sex and field | |||
| Table 5-13 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by career stage and field of doctorate: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status, by career stage and field of doctorate |
| App. Table 5-13 | Federal share of current funding for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–2016 | Higher Education Research and Development Survey (HERD) | Total and federally financed higher education research equipment expenditures, by S&E field |
| Figure 5-14 | Black, Hispanic, and Asian S&E doctorate holders as a percentage of full-time faculty positions, by sex: 2003 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position and degree field |
| Table 5-14 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Women as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia, by position |
| App. Table 5-14 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position and degree field: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position and degree field |
| Figure 5-15 | Tenure status of underrepresented minority S&E doctorate holders: 2003 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure Status of S&E Doctorate Holders |
| Table 5-15 | Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by sex and field: 1995 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by sex and field |
| App. Table 5-15 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, sex, and degree field: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, sex, and degree field |
| Figure 5-16 | U.S.-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by birthplace: 1973-2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | US-Trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by birthplace |
| Table 5-16 | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by position |
| App. Table 5-16 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, race, ethnicity, and degree field: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, race, and ethnicity |
| Figure 5-17 | Full-time faculty ages 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Full-time faculty ages 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions |
| Table 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Academically employed SEH doctorate holders by age |
| App. Table 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, degree field, and citizenship: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, and citizenship |
| Figure 5-18 | Primary work activity of full-time doctoral S&E faculty: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Job duties of full-time doctoral S&E faculty |
| Table 5-18 | Full-time S&E faculty reporting research as a primary work activity, by years since doctorate and degree field: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic by position type |
| App. Table 5-18 | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions |
| Figure 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in a postdoctoral position, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academic postdoc positions by degree field |
| Table 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group: Selected years, 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group |
| App. Table 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research priority, type of position, and degree field: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by research priority, type of position, and degree field |
| Figure 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in very high research activity institutions with federal support, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Full-time S&E doctoral faculty in very high research activity institutions with federal support, by gender and race and ethnicity |
| Table 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by Carnegie classification of employer and years since doctorate: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions by Carnegie institution type and years since doctorate |
| App. Table 5-20 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by Carnegie classification of institution, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1997–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by Carnegie institution type, years since doctorate, and type of position |
| Figure 5-21 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in full-time faculty positions with federal support, by field: 1991 and 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in full-time faculty positions with federal support, by field |
| App. Table 5-21 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, research activity, and type of position: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Academic S&E doctorate holders with federal support by degree field, research activity, and type of position |
| App. Table 5-22 | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support, by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer |
| App. Table 5-23 | S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by Carnegie classification of institution, race and ethnicity, and sex: 2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | S&E doctorate holders with federal support by Carnegie classification of institution, race and ethnicity, and gender |
| App. Table 5-24 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1973–2015 | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position |
| App. Table 5-25 | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data | Integrated Science and Engineering Resources Data System (WebCASPAR) | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data |
| Table 5-B | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by degree field and sex: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia by degree field and sex |
| Table 5-C | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research and teaching focus: 2015 | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-trained SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by research and teaching focus |
| Figure 6-8 | U.S. KTI industry share of U.S. business R&D spending, industry output, and industry employment: 2014 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. KTI industry share of U.S. business R&D spending, industry output, and employment |
| Figure 7-1 | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2001 |
| App. Table 7-1 | Public interest in selected issues: 1979-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in selected issues: 1979-2001 |
| Table 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 1999–2001 |
| Figure 7-4 | Public interest in selected science-related issues: 1981–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in science-related issues, 1981-2001 |
| Figure 7-6 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2001–16 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2001 |
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2001 | |||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2001 | |||
| App. Table 7-6 | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2001 |
| Figure 7-7 | Mean number of correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science scale: 1992–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 1992–2001 |
| App. Table 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions, by respondent characteristic: 1992-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions, by respondent characteristic, 1992-2001 |
| App. Table 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Correct answers to physical and biological science questions, 1985-2001 |
| Figure 7-10 | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979-2001 |
| Figure 7-11 | Public opinion on whether government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public opinion of using government funds for scientific research: 1985-2001 |
| Figure 7-12 | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2001 |
| App. Table 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of astrology: 1979–2001 |
| App. Table 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2001 |
| Figure 7-16 | Public views about scientists: selected years, 1983–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001 |
| App. Table 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979–2001 |
| Figure 7-18 | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: selected years, 1993–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: 1993, 1994, 2000 |
| App. Table 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of whether science and technology results in more opportunities: 1985-2001 |
| App. Table 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2001 |
| App. Table 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic research: 1985-2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public opinion on whether the government should fund basic research: 1985-2001 |
| App. Table 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2001 |
| App. Table 7-30 | Public perception of scientists: 1983,1985, 2001, 2012, 2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001 |
| App. Table 7-32 | Public assessment of the danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment: 1993, 1994 |
| App. Table 7-33 | Public assessment of the danger of air pollution from industry to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of air pollution from industry to the environment: 1993, 1994 |
| App. Table 7-34 | Public assessment of the danger of climate change to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of climate change to the environment: 1993-94 |
| App. Table 7-35 | Public assessment of the danger of nuclear power stations to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2010, 2016 | Survey of Public Attitudes Toward and Understanding of Science and Technology | Public assessment of danger of nuclear power stations to the environment: 1993-94 |
| Figure 8-1 | For companies that performed or funded R&D, shares rating intellectual property as being very or somewhat important: 2011 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Importance of copyrights for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size |
| Importance of design patents for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | |||
| Importance of mask works for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | |||
| Importance of trade secrets for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | |||
| Importance of trademarks for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | |||
| Importance of utility patents for companies with and without R&D activity, by industry and company size | |||
| Figure 8-2 | USPTO patents granted, by selected U.S. industry: 2015 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | USPTO patents granted, by selected U.S. industry |
| Table 8-9 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector: 2013–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector |
| Table 8-10 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions: 2013–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions |
| Table 8-11 | International comparison of innovation rate, product and process, by country and firm size: 2012–14 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Innovation rates for U.S. manufacturing and service industries, by type |
| Figure 8-26 | Share of U.S. manufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry: 2013–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Share of U.S. manufacturing companies reporting innovation activities, by selected industry |
| Figure 8-27 | Share of U.S. nonmanufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry: 2013–15 | Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey (BRDIS) | Share of U.S. nonmanufacturing companies reporting product or process innovation, by selected industry |
National Science Foundation, Office of Budget, Finance, and Award Management
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 5-21 | NIH and NSF research grant applications and funding success rates: 2001–16 | NSF Research Grant Data | NSF research grant applications and funding success rates |
National Science Foundation, Office of Integrative Activities
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 5-A | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets, by agency: FYs 2002–16 | Federal Agency EPSCoR Funding Data | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets by agency |
NORC at the University of Chicago
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-1 | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2016 | General Social Survey | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 2006–16 |
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-1 | Public interest in selected issues: 1979-2016 | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2008–2016 |
| Figure 7-2 | Key science and engineering indicators, by selected respondent education, sex, and age: 2016 | General Social Survey | Key science and engineering indicators: 2016 |
| Table 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 2006–2016 |
| App. Table 7-2 | Public interest in selected issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 |
| Figure 7-3 | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-3 | Primary source of information about current news events, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about current news events: 2016 |
| Figure 7-4 | Public interest in selected science-related issues: 1981–2016 | General Social Survey | Public interest in science-related issues: 2008–16 |
| App. Table 7-4 | Primary source of information about science and technology, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about science and technology: 2016 |
| Figure 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2016 | General Social Survey | Primary source of information about current news events: 2016 |
| Primary source of information about science and technology: 2016 | |||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2016 | |||
| App. Table 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2016 |
| Figure 7-6 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2001–16 | General Social Survey | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2006–16 |
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2006–16 | |||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2006–16 | |||
| App. Table 7-6 | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2016 | General Social Survey | Public interest in selected issues: 2008–2016 |
| Figure 7-7 | Mean number of correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science scale: 1992–2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-7 | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 | General Social Survey | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 |
| Figure 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science scale, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions, by respondent characteristic: 1992-2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-9 | Understanding scientific inquiry, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Understanding scientific inquiry: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985-2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-10 | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979–2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-10 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2016 |
| Figure 7-11 | Public opinion on whether government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-11 | Correct answers to scientific process questions, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Correct answers to scientific process questions: 2016 |
| Figure 7-12 | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 2006–2016 |
| App. Table 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979-2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of astrology: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-13 | Public attitudes toward spending in various policy areas: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-13 | Understanding of the term "scientific study," by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2016 |
| Figure 7-14 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | General Social Survey | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-15 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by selected institution: 1973–2016 | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 1973–2016 |
| App. Table 7-15 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2016 |
| Figure 7-16 | Public views about scientists: selected years, 1983–2016 | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2012, 2016 |
| App. Table 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979-2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-17 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for next generation: 2016 |
| Figure 7-18 | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: selected years, 1993–2016 | General Social Survey | Perceived danger of specific health and environmental issues: 2010, 2016 |
| App. Table 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985-2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for next generation: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-19 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-21 | Views on nanotechnology: 2008, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Views on nanotechnology: 2008–2016 |
| App. Table 7-21 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic research: 1985-2016 | General Social Survey | Public opinion on whether federal government should fund basic scientific research: 2006–16 |
| App. Table 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2002–16 |
| App. Table 7-24 | Public assessment of spending on science, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on science: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-25 | Public assessment of spending on health, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on health: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-26 | Public assessment of spending on the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on the environment: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-27 | Public assessment of spending on space, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of spending on space: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-28 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 1973-2016 | General Social Survey | Public confidence in institutional leaders: 1973–2016 |
| App. Table 7-29 | Public confidence in science leaders, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public confidence in science leaders: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-30 | Public perception of scientists: 1983,1985, 2001, 2012, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2012, 2016 |
| App. Table 7-31 | Public perception of scientists, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | General Social Survey | Public perception of scientists: 2016 |
| App. Table 7-32 | Public assessment of the danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment: 2000 - 16 |
| App. Table 7-33 | Public assessment of the danger of air pollution from industry to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of air pollution from industry to the environment: 2000 - 16 |
| App. Table 7-34 | Public assessment of the danger of climate change to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of climate change to the environment: 2000–16 |
| App. Table 7-35 | Public assessment of the danger of nuclear power stations to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of nuclear power stations to the environment: 2010–16 |
| App. Table 7-36 | Public assessment of the danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2000, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment: 2000–16 |
| App. Table 7-37 | Public assessment of the benefits and harms of nanotechnology, by respondent characteristic: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 | General Social Survey | Public assessment of benefits and harms of nanotechnology: 2006–16 |
| Figure 7-A | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions, by respondent characteristic: 2006–16 (combined) | General Social Survey | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 2006–16 |
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 3-36 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation, 2001–15 | Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation |
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
Pew Research Center
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-19 | Belief in global warming and confidence in that belief: 1989–2017 | Pew Research Center, General Public Science Survey | Solid evidence Earth is warming due to human causes |
| Figure 7-20 | Views on nuclear energy: 1994–2017 | Pew Research Center, December 2014 Political Survey | Favor promoting nuclear energy |
| Pew Research Center, General Public Science Survey | Favor building more nuclear power plants |
PitchBook
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 8-16 | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage: 2003–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage |
| Figure 8-17 | Seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy: 2006–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| Figure 8-18 | Global seed-stage venture capital investment: 2006–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global seed-stage venture capital investment |
| Figure 8-19 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| Figure 8-20 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2013 and 2016 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| Figure 8-21 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2013 and 2016 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| Figure 8-22 | Early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy: 2006–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| Figure 8-23 | Early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected country: 2006–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected country or economy |
| Figure 8-24 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| Figure 8-25 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by selected industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | China early and later stage venture capital investment, by selected industry vertical |
| App. Table 8-30 | Global venture capital investment, by selected financing stage and selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage and selected region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-31 | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data (Pitchbook) |
| App. Table 8-32 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
| App. Table 8-33 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
| App. Table 8-34 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | Pitchbook Venture Capital and Private Equity Database | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry or technology |
Small Business Administration
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-7 | SBIR and STTR awards funding, by type of award: Selected years, FYs 1983–2015 | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award |
| App. Table 8-35 | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award: FYs 1983–2015 | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award |
| App. Table 8-36 | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1983–2015 | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency |
| App. Table 8-37 | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1995–2015 | SBIR/STTR Annual Reports | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency |
Statistics Canada
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 2-44 | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | Center for Education Statistics Data (Canada) | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities |
The College Board
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 1-6 | Percentage distribution of high school students taking an AP exam in mathematics or science, by sex: 2016 | AP Data | Distribution of high school students taking an AP exam in mathematics or science, by sex |
| Table 1-20 | Students who took or passed an AP exam in high school, by subject: 2016 | AP Data | Students who took or passed an AP exam in high school, by subject |
| Table 1-21 | Students taking AP exams, by subject: 2006 and 2016 | AP Data | Students taking AP exams, by subject |
| Table 2-8 | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control: 2006–07 and 2011–12 through 2016–17 | Annual Survey of Colleges: Trends in College Pricing | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control |
TOP500
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-C | Top-ranked supercomputers, by location of region, country, or economy: 2010–16 | TOP500 Lists | Top-ranked supercomputers |
Toyota
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-17 | Manufacturing facilities of General Motors, Toyota, and Volkswagen, by selected region, country, or economy: 2016 | Toyota Company Profile | Toyota facilities |
U.N. Department of Economics and Social Affairs
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: 2015–60 | World Population Prospects | Population projections through 2060 for selected countries and regions |
U.S. Census Bureau
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 1-27 | High school graduates enrolled in college in October after completing high school, by demographic characteristics and institution type: 1975–2015 | Current Population Survey | Parents' education: National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) special tabulations (2017) of Current Population Survey |
| App. Table 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: 2015–60 | National Population Projections | Population projections through 2060 by race and ethnicity - United States |
| Figure 3-3 | Individuals employed in S&E occupations in the United States: Selected years, 1960–2015 | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Decennial Census | 1960 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||
| 1970 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| 1980 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| 1990 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| 2000 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| Table 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Figure 3-5 | Educational attainment, by type of occupation: 2015 | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Figure 3-16 | Unemployment rate, by selected groups: 1990–2015 | Current Population Survey | Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (MORG) files: 1990-2015 |
| Table 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Table 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | American Community Survey | 2003 ACS PUMS |
| 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | |||
| Figure 8-30 | Share of firms, job creation, and employment from firms 5 years old or younger: 1982–2015 | Business Dynamics Statistics | Share of firms, job creation, and employment from firms 5 years old or younger |
U.S. Department of Agriculture
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Agriculture technology development programs | USDA technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Agriculture technology development programs | USDA technology development program summary |
U.S. Department of Defense
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Defense technology development programs | DOD technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Defense technology development programs | DOD technology development program summary |
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 1-22 | Access to high-level mathematics and sciences courses among students at low versus high black and Latino enrollment schools: 2013-14 | Department of Education Civil Rights Data Collection | 2013–2014 Civil Rights Data Collection: A first look |
U.S. Department of Energy
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Energy technology development programs | DOE technology development program summary |
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 2-10 | International students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions, by broad field and academic level: 2012–17 | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International students' enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-16 | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-26 | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 3-20 | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients: FY 2016 | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients |
| Table 3-26 | Annual salaries for new H-1B visa recipients, by occupation: FY 2016 | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Annual Compensation of H-1B Beneficiaries for Initial Employment by Major Occupation Group: FY 2015 |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Homeland Security technology development programs | DHS technology development program summary |
U.S. Department of State
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 3-34 | Temporary work visas issued in categories with many high-skilled workers: FYs 1991–2015 | Nonimmigrant Visa Statistics | Nonimmigrant Visa Issuances by Visa Class and by Nationality, and Nonimmigrant Visas by Individual Class of Admission |
U.S. Department of Transportation
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Transportation technology development programs | DOT technology development program summary |
| App. Table 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | Department of Transportation technology development programs | DOT technology development program summary |
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
United Nations Statistics Division
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 6-1 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, by category | International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) of All Economic Activities, Rev. 3 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries (ISIC) |
University of Michigan Institute for Social Research
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 7-1 | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 1981–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Key science and engineering knowledge and attitude indicators: 2004 |
| Table 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Correct answers to scientific process questions, 2004 |
| Figure 7-6 | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events, science and technology, and specific scientific issues: 2001–16 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Primary source respondents used to learn about current news events: 2004 |
| Primary source respondents used to learn about science and technology: 2004 | |||
| Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues: 2004 | |||
| App. Table 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Correct answers to physical and biological science questions, 2004 |
| Figure 7-10 | Public assessment of scientific research: 1979–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of scientific research: 2004 |
| Figure 7-11 | Public opinion on whether government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public opinion of using government funds for scientific research: 2004 |
| Figure 7-12 | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 1981–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of amount of spending for scientific research: 2004 |
| App. Table 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of astrology: 2004 |
| App. Table 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 2004 |
| App. Table 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 2004 |
| App. Table 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of whether science and technology results in more opportunities: 2004 |
| App. Table 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 2004 |
| App. Table 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic research: 1985-2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public opinion on whether the government should fund basic research; 2004 |
| App. Table 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 2004 |
University of Zurich, Institute of Mass Communication and Media Research
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | Science Barometer Switzerland | Factual knowledge questions - Switzerland |
US Patent and Trademark Office
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-45 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-46 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 6-47 | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology: 2006–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents in sustainable energy technologies, by selected technology |
| Figure 6-48 | Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies for the United States, the EU, Japan, and South Korea: 2014–16 | PatentsView | Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - EU |
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - Japan | |||
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - South Korea | |||
| Patent activity index of selected sustainable energy technologies - United States | |||
| App. Table 6-56 | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-57 | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-58 | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-59 | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-60 | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-61 | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-62 | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-63 | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-64 | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-65 | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-66 | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-67 | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-68 | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-69 | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-70 | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-71 | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-72 | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-73 | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 6-74 | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Table 8-1 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 2002 and 2016 | PatentsView | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area |
| App. Table 8-1 | USPTO patents granted, by sector: 2002–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by sector |
| Table 8-2 | Selected technology areas of USPTO patents | PatentsView | Technology areas of USPTO patents |
| App. Table 8-2 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 1996–2016 | PatentsView | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area |
| Figure 8-3 | USPTO patents granted to U.S. and non-U.S. academic institutions: 1996–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted to U.S. and non-U.S. academic institutions |
| App. Table 8-3 | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data | PatentsView | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data |
| Figure 8-4 | U.S. academic patents, by selected technology area, 5-year averages: 2002–16 | PatentsView | U.S. academic patents, by technology area |
| App. Table 8-4 | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-5 | USPTO patents granted, by selected region, country, or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by selected region/country/economy of inventor |
| App. Table 8-5 | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in selected broad technology categories: 2006 and 2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in selected technology categories |
| Table 8-6 | U.S. utility patents citing S&E literature, by patent assignee sector, article author sector, and patent issue year: 2013–16 | PatentsView | USPTO utility patents |
| App. Table 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-7 | USPTO patents granted, by selected country or economy of inventor: 2006–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by selected region/country/economy of inventor |
| App. Table 8-7 | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-8 | Patent activity index for selected technologies for the United States, EU, and Japan: 2014–16 | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| App. Table 8-8 | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy: 2000–2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-9 | Patent activity index of selected technologies for South Korea, Taiwan, and China: 2014–16 | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| App. Table 8-9 | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-10 | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-11 | Citations of U.S. S&E articles in U.S. patents, by selected S&E article field: 2016 | PatentsView | U.S. patents |
| App. Table 8-11 | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy |
| Figure 8-12 | Citation of U.S. S&E articles in USPTO patents, by selected S&E field and article author sector: 2016 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted, by sector |
| App. Table 8-12 | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-13 | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-14 | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-15 | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-16 | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-17 | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-18 | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-19 | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-20 | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-21 | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-22 | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-23 | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-24 | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy |
| App. Table 8-25 | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies: 2014–16 | PatentsView | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies |
| App. Table 8-28 | Citation of S&E articles in USPTO patents, by cited field and cited country and sector: 2013–16 | PatentsView | USPTO patents |
Volkswagen
| Graphic | Title | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 6-17 | Manufacturing facilities of General Motors, Toyota, and Volkswagen, by selected region, country, or economy: 2016 | Volkswagen Group Portrait | Volkswagen production plants |
World Trade Organization