Text Slide 6 of 16, Remarks by Dr. France A. Córdova, Director, National Science Foundation, American Association for the Advancement of Science 2016 Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., February 12, 2016

Remarks by Dr. France A. Córdova, Director, National Science Foundation, Before the American Association for the Advancement of Science 2016 Annual Meeting, February 12, 2016, Text Slide 6 of 16

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Slide title: Comparative R&D intensity among some nations

Slide image: line graph showing gross domestic expenditures on R&D as a share of gross domestic product, by the United States, the EU, and selected other countries: 1981–2013. Selected years are listed below:

1981: United States 2.25%; France 1.90%; Germany 2.35%; United Kingdom 2.35%; Japan 2.26%
1989: United States 2.51%; France 2.23%; Germany 2.71%; United Kingdom 2.11%; Russia 1.91%; Japan 2.84%
1992: United States 2.53%; France 2.33%; Germany 2.35%; United Kingdom 1.99%; Russia 0.74%; China 0.74%; Japan 2.85%; South Korea 1.89%
1996: United States 2.44%; EU 1.66%; France 2.27%; Germany 2.20%; United Kingdom 1.83%; Russia 0.97%; China 0.57%; Japan 2.77%; South Korea 2.36%; India 0.63%
2005: United States 2.51%; EU 1.67%; France 2.04%; Germany 2.43%; United Kingdom 1.63%; Russia 1.07%; China 1.31%; Japan 3.31%; South Korea 2.63%; India 0.81%
2013: United States 2.73%; EU 1.91%; France 2.23%; Germany 2.85%; United Kingdom 1.63%; Russia 1.12%; China 2.08%; Japan 3.47%; South Korea 4.15%

Source: Science and Engineering Indicators 2016

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