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Award Abstract # 1008636
Dynamics of Accretion Disks around Magnetized Stars

NSF Org: AST
Division Of Astronomical Sciences
Recipient: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Initial Amendment Date: September 8, 2010
Latest Amendment Date: June 18, 2012
Award Number: 1008636
Award Instrument: Continuing Grant
Program Manager: Nigel Sharp
nsharp@nsf.gov
 (703)292-4905
AST
 Division Of Astronomical Sciences
MPS
 Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Start Date: September 15, 2010
End Date: August 31, 2013 (Estimated)
Total Intended Award Amount: $317,471.00
Total Awarded Amount to Date: $317,471.00
Funds Obligated to Date: FY 2010 = $48,139.00
FY 2011 = $188,320.00

FY 2012 = $81,012.00
History of Investigator:
  • Richard Lovelace (Principal Investigator)
    RVL1@cornell.edu
  • Marina Romanova (Co-Principal Investigator)
Recipient Sponsored Research Office: Cornell University
341 PINE TREE RD
ITHACA
NY  US  14850-2820
(607)255-5014
Sponsor Congressional District: 19
Primary Place of Performance: Cornell University
341 PINE TREE RD
ITHACA
NY  US  14850-2820
Primary Place of Performance
Congressional District:
19
Unique Entity Identifier (UEI): G56PUALJ3KT5
Parent UEI:
NSF Program(s): EXTRAGALACTIC ASTRON & COSMOLO
Primary Program Source: 01001011DB NSF RESEARCH & RELATED ACTIVIT
01001112DB NSF RESEARCH & RELATED ACTIVIT

01001213DB NSF RESEARCH & RELATED ACTIVIT
Program Reference Code(s): 0000, 1206, OTHR
Program Element Code(s): 121700
Award Agency Code: 4900
Fund Agency Code: 4900
Assistance Listing Number(s): 47.049

ABSTRACT

Accreting magnetized stars, such as Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs), cataclysmic variables, and X-ray pulsars may have dynamically important magnetic fields that can disrupt the accretion disk. Prior NSF-supported pioneering simulations have shown that accreting magnetized stars may be in stable or unstable regimes of accretion with different observational properties (ordered or stochastic light-curves). If the disk comes close to the star, it interacts through the boundary layer, where simulations have shown Kelvin-Helmholtz-type instabilities. Although these simulations and associated theoretical analyses show many interesting features which could be compared with observation, there is a need further to investigate the disk-magnetosphere/disk-star interaction, including the possibility of some type of Magneto-Rotational Instability (MRI). This new project includes simulations of the disk-magnetosphere interaction specifically tailored with 2.5D and 3D Godunov-type codes to model MRI-driven accretion in relatively thin disks. Associated theoretical analysis will give a deeper understanding of different types of instabilities at the disk-magnetosphere/disk-star boundaries. Because CTTSs show multiple variability features in rotation timescales, theirs are the photometric and spectral light-curves that will be compared with simulations. Spectrum modeling will use a 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code. This study will 1) investigate MRI-driven accretion onto a magnetized star; 2) investigate, theoretically and numerically, different instabilities at the disk-magnetosphere and disk-star boundaries; and 3) compare simulated light-curves and spectra with those observed in different CTTSs.

The results will apply to different magnetized stars, including the CTTSs, cataclysmic variables, accreting brown dwarfs and accreting neutron stars. The research will provide a salutary example of comparing state-of-the-art 2.5D and 3D models of magnetized stars with the best available observations. The project will train undergraduate and graduate students and a postdoctoral research associate in this modern area of multidimensional magneto-hydrodynamics. Results will be included in lectures to undergraduate students, to school students, and to Cornell's public visitors. Animated visualizations have recently been developed and will be used in various talks. The team also supports an exhibit in the Tompkins County Science Museum.

PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH

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(Showing: 1 - 10 of 27)
Alencar, S. H. P.; Bouvier, J.; Walter, F. M.; Dougados, C.; Donati, J.-F.; Kurosawa, R.; Romanova, M.; Bonfils, X.; Lima, G. H. R. A.; Massaro, S.; Ibrahimov, M.; Poretti, E. "Accretion dynamics in the classical T Tauri star V2129 Ophiuchi" Astronomy and Astrophysics , v.541 , 2012 , p.id.A116 10.1051/0004-6361/201118395
Alencar, S. H. P.; Bouvier, J.; Walter, F. M.; Dougados, C.; Donati, J.-F.; Kurosawa, R.; Romanova, M.; Bonfils, X.; Lima, G. H. R. A.; Massaro, S.; and 2 coauthors "Accretion dynamics in the classical T Tauri star V2129 Ophiuchi"  2012 A&A...541A.116A , v.541A , 2012 , p.116A
Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.; Lovelace, R. V. E. "Vertical Structure of Stationary Accretion Disks with a Large-scale Magnetic Field" Astrophysical Journal , v.750 , 2012 , p.109 10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/109
Donati, J.-F.; Gregory, S. G.; Alencar, S. H. P.; Bouvier, J.; Hussain, G.; Skelly, M.; Dougados, C.; Jardine, M. M.; Ménard, F.; Romanova, M. M.; Unruh, Y. C. "The large-scale magnetic field and poleward mass accretion of the classical T Tauri star TW Hya" MNRAS , v.417 , 2011 , p.472 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19288.x
Dyda, S.; Lovelace, R. V. E.; Ustyugova, G. V.; Lii, P. S.; Romanova, M. M.; Koldoba, A. V. "Advection of matter and B-fields in alpha-discs"  2013 MNRAS. 432..127D , v.432 , 2013 127D
Konigl, Arieh; Romanova, Marina M.; Lovelace, Richard V. E. "Are the outflows in FU Orionis systems driven by the stellar magnetic field?" MNRAS , v.416 , 2011 , p.757 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19098.x
Königl, Arieh; Romanova, Marina M.; Lovelace, Richard V. E. "Are the outflows in FU Orionis systems driven by the stellar magnetic field?" 2011 MNRAS.416..757K , v.416 , 2011 , p.757K
Kurosawa, Ryuichi; Romanova, Marina M.; Harries, Tim J. "Multidimensional models of hydrogen and helium emission line profiles for classical T Tauri Stars: method, tests and examples" MNRAS , v.416 , 2011 , p.2623 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19216.x
Kurosawa, Ryuichi; Romanova, M. M. "Spectral variability of classical T Tauri stars accreting in an unstable regime"  2013 MNRAS.431.2673K , v.431 , 2013 , p.2673
Kurosawa, Ryuichi; Romanova, M. M.; Harries, T. J. "Multidimensional models of hydrogen and helium emission line profiles for classical T Tauri stars: method, tests and examples"  2011 MNRAS.416.2623K , v.416 , 2011 , p.2623K
Lii, Patrick; Romanova, Marina; Lovelace, Richard "Magnetic launching and collimation of jets from the disk-magnetosphere boundary: 2.5D MHD simulations" MNRAS, 420, 2020-2033 , v.420 , 2012 , p.202 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20133.x
(Showing: 1 - 10 of 27)

PROJECT OUTCOMES REPORT

Disclaimer

This Project Outcomes Report for the General Public is displayed verbatim as submitted by the Principal Investigator (PI) for this award. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this Report are those of the PI and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation; NSF has not approved or endorsed its content.

The goals of the research were the following: (1) To investigate the accretion of matter onto rottating magnetized stars from ionized discs due to the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) driven turbulence;  (2) To  investigate the MRI driven accretion onto a star with a weak magnetic field; (3) To investigate theoretically and with MHD simulations possible instabilities of the disc/magnetosphere boundary; and (4) To compare the light curves and speccttra obtained from our simulations with those observed in different Classical T-Tauri Stars (CTTS).

   Our main results from this research include the following works:

(1) `` MRI-driven accretion on to magnetized stars: axisymmetric MHD simulations,'' 2011, MNRAS, 416, pp. 416-438.  We present the first results of a global axisymmetric simulation of accretion on to rotating magnetized stars from a turbulent accretion disc, where the turbulence is driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). We observed that the angular momentum is transported outwards by the magnetic stress and accretion rate corresponds to a Shakura-Sunyaev viscosity parameter α≈ 0.01-0.04. The disc is stopped by the magnetic pressure of the magnetosphere, and matter flows on to the star in funnel streams, which usually choose a path along top or bottom side of the magnetosphere. c, and that it slowly expands outwards, driven by the magnetic force.

 

(2) ``MRI-driven accretion on to magnetized stars: global 3D MHD simulations of magnetospheric and boundary layer regimes,''  2012, MNRAS, 421, pp. 63-77.  We discuss results of global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion on to a rotating magnetized star with a tilted dipole magnetic field, where the accretion is driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). The simulations show that MRI-driven turbulence develops in the disc, and angular momentum is transported outwards primarily due to the magnetic stress. The turbulent flow is strongly inhomogeneous and the densest matter is in azimuthally stretched turbulent cells. We investigate two regimes of accretion: a magnetospheric regime and a boundary layer (BL) regime.

(3) ``Magnetic launching and collimation of jets from the disc-magnetosphere boundary: 2.5D MHD simulations,''  2012, MNRAS, 420, pp. 2020-2033. We use axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic simulations to investigate the launching and collimation of jets emerging from the disc-magnetosphere boundary of accreting magnetized stars. Our analysis shows that the matter flows into the jet from the inner edge of the accretion disc. It is magnetically accelerated along field lines extending up from the disc and simultaneously collimated by the magnetic pinch force.

(4) ``Spectral variability of classical T Tauri stars accreting in an unstable regime,''  2013, MNRAS, 431, pp. 2673-2689.   Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) are variable in different time-scales. One type of variability is possibly connected with the accretion of matter through the Rayleigh-Taylor instability that occurs at the interface between an accretion disc and a stellar magnetosphere. In this regime, matter accretes in several temporarily formed accretion streams or `tongues' which appear in random locations, and produce stochastic photometric and line variability. We use the results of global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of matter flows in both stable and unstable accretion regimes to calculate time-dependent hydrogen line profiles and study their variability behaviours. In the stable regime, some hydrogen lines (e.g. Hβ, Hγ, Hδ, Paβ and Brγ) show a redshifted absorption component only during a fraction of a stellar rotation period, and its occurrence is periodic. However, in the unstable regime, the redshifted absorption component is presen...

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