| NSF Org: |
AGS Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences |
| Recipient: |
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| Initial Amendment Date: | June 10, 2020 |
| Latest Amendment Date: | June 10, 2020 |
| Award Number: | 2027569 |
| Award Instrument: | Standard Grant |
| Program Manager: |
Chia-Lin Huang
chihuang@nsf.gov (703)292-7544 AGS Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences GEO Directorate for Geosciences |
| Start Date: | October 15, 2020 |
| End Date: | September 30, 2024 (Estimated) |
| Total Intended Award Amount: | $359,679.00 |
| Total Awarded Amount to Date: | $359,679.00 |
| Funds Obligated to Date: |
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| History of Investigator: |
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| Recipient Sponsored Research Office: |
4765 WALNUT ST STE B BOULDER CO US 80301-2575 (720)974-5888 |
| Sponsor Congressional District: |
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| Primary Place of Performance: |
4765 Walnut Street Boulder CO US 80301-2575 |
| Primary Place of
Performance Congressional District: |
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| Unique Entity Identifier (UEI): |
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| Parent UEI: |
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| NSF Program(s): | MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS |
| Primary Program Source: |
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| Program Reference Code(s): | |
| Program Element Code(s): |
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| Award Agency Code: | 4900 |
| Fund Agency Code: | 4900 |
| Assistance Listing Number(s): | 47.050 |
ABSTRACT
Geomagnetic indices are sensitive to diverse current systems, such as magnetospheric convection, auroral activity, and cross-polar-cap current. They are constructed from measurements, such as magnetic fields from ground magnetometers, and are used to characterize and predict geomagnetic activity. Magnetospheric activity, including geomagnetic storms, occurs in reaction to the solar wind. This project will devise a new geomagnetic index that more accurately predicts upstream solar-wind measurements. This will improve space weather predictions ? important to preparing sensitive systems like satellites and high frequency communications for impacts from the dynamic space environment.
A composite geomagnetic index will be derived that is highly predictable from a knowledge of the upstream solar wind. This ?canonical? geomagnetic index will be constructed from multiple geomagnetic indices measuring different current systems and activity types in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system and will describe global activity. Once the index is derived, along with its canonical solar-wind driver function, superposed-epoch analysis and other statistical techniques will be used to familiarize the index by gauging coronal mass ejection driven storms, high-speed-stream-driven storms, substorms, and steady magnetospheric convection intervals.
This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH
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PROJECT OUTCOMES REPORT
Disclaimer
This Project Outcomes Report for the General Public is displayed verbatim as submitted by the Principal Investigator (PI) for this award. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this Report are those of the PI and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation; NSF has not approved or endorsed its content.
The main goal of this GEM project is to construct and implement whole-magnetosphere index to gauge activity in the solar-wind-driven magnetosphere-ionosphere system and to construct the solar-wind driver function for that whole-magnetospheric index. In the third year, this GEM award was the primary support for Borovsky on 6 publications in magnetospheric physics and on the solar wind at Earth. The desired whole-magnetosphere index was developed and published.
This GEM award was the primary support for Borovsky on the project that developed (derived) the desired whole-magnetosphere (whole-Earth) index E(1) and its solar-wind driver function S(1). This paper is published as Borovsky and Lao (2023). A System Science Methodology Develops a New Composite Highly-Predictable Index of Magnetospheric Activity for the Community: The Whole-Earth Index E(1). Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1214804. Christian Lao was a Los Alamos Space Weather Summer School student who found improvements to the derivation of E(1).
This GEM award was the primary support for Borovsky on a project that examined the possible causes of spatial-temporal structuring of pulsating aurora just after active (substorm) times in the magnetosphere. This project was published as Borovsky and Partamies (2022). What Produces and What Controls the Spatial-Temporal Structuring of the Magnetospheric Chorus Waves that Create the Pulsating Aurora: An Unsolved Problem in Need of New Measurements. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 9:1059039.
This GEM award was the primary support for an article describing a collection of papers highlighting the continuation of the research of the late Peter Gary and the late Richard Thorne. The article was published as Borovsky, Cowee, Horne, Shprits, and Smith (2023). Plasma Waves in Space Physics: Carrying On the Research Legacies of Peter Gary and Richard Thorne. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1149649.
This GEM award was the primary support for an article describing a collection of papers on the careers and career choices of space-physics researchers. The article was published as Borovsky, Chau, De Nolfo, Greco, Grigorenko, Miyosh, Partamies, and Usanova (2023). Generation-to-Generation Communications in Space Physics. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1195575.
This GEM award was the primary support for Borovsky in writing an article describing a collection of papers on solar-wind/magnetosphere coupling. The article was published as Wing, Borovsky, Holappa, and Khabarova (2023). Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Interactions. submitted to Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1158971.
This GEM award was the primary support for Borovsky in writing an article describing artificial-intelligence methods and data preparation for space physics. The article was published as Poduval, McPherron, Walker, Himes, Pitman, Azari, Shneider, Tiwari, Kapali, Bruno, Georgoulis, Verkhoglyadova, Borovsky, Lapenta, Liu, Alberti, Wintoft, and Wing (2023). AI-ready Data in Space Science and Solar Physics: Problems, Mitigation and Action Plan, Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1203598.
The following 6 publications were supported (primarily) by this NSF GEM grant:
Borovsky, J. E., Lao, C. J. (2023). A System Science Methodology Develops a New Composite Highly-Predictable Index of Magnetospheric Activity for the Community: The Whole-Earth Index E(1). submitted to Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1.
Borovsky, J. E., Partamies, N. (2022). What Produces and What Controls the Spatial-Temporal Structuring of the Magnetospheric Chorus Waves that Create the Pulsating Aurora: An Unsolved Problem in Need of New Measurements. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 9:1059039.
Borovsky, J. E., Cowee, M. M., Horne, R. B., Shprits, Y. Y., Smith, C. W. (2023). Plasma Waves in Space Physics: Carrying On the Research Legacies of Peter Gary and Richard Thorne. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1149649.
Borovsky, J. E., Chau, J. L., De Nolfo, G. A., Greco, A., Grigorenko, E. E., Miyosh, Y., Partamies, N., Usanova, M. E. (2023). Generation-to-Generation Communications in Space Physics. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1195575.
Wing, S., Borovsky, J. E., Holappa, L., Khabarova, O. V. (2023). Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Interactions. submitted to Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1158971.
Poduval, B., McPherron, R., Walker, R., Himes, M. D., Pitman, K., Azari, A. R., Shneider, C., Tiwari, A. K., Kapali, S., Bruno, G., Georgoulis, M., Verkhoglyadova, O., Borovsky, J. E., Lapenta, G., Liu, J., Alberti, T., Wintoft, P, Wing, S. (2023). AI-ready Data in Space Science and Solar Physics: Problems, Mitigation and Action Plan, Front. Astron. Space Sci. 10:1203598.
Updated Publications from the Second Annual Report
Borovsky, J. E., Further Investigation of the Effect of Upstream Solar-Wind Fluctuations on Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Coupling: Is the Effect Real?, Front. Astron. Space Sci. 975135, 2022.
Liu, J., Ilie, R., Borovsky, J. E., Liemohn, M. W., A new mechanism for early-time plasmaspheric refilling: the role of charge exchange reactions in the transport of energy and mass throughout the ring current - plasmasphere system. J. Geophys. Res. 2022JA030619, 2022.
Borovsky, J. E., Delzanno, G. L., Kronberg, E. A., Norgren, C., Cold-ion populations and cold-electron populations in the Earth’s magnetosphere and their impact on the system. Front. Astron. Space Sci., 2022.
Borovsky, J. E., Bauer, B. A., Holloway, M. (2022). The Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Observatory (MIO) mission concept. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 1052359.
Last Modified: 01/28/2025
Modified by: Joseph Borovsky
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