State government agencies across the 50 states and the District of Columbia employed nearly 10,000 people in FY 2023 for intramural research and development (R&D). Intramural state agency personnel in New York, Florida, Washington, and California state government agencies combined accounted for more than half (55%) of all state agencies’ intramural R&D personnel. Data are from the Survey of State Government R&D, conducted by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

State government agencies’ expenditures for research and development rose to $3.0 billion in FY 2023, an increase of 14.3% from FY 2022. Although state government expenditures for R&D are relatively small within the national portfolio of R&D performance, state agencies in FY 2023 performed $742 million in R&D while also financing $2.3 billion in extramural R&D to businesses, higher education institutions, nonprofit organizations, and others. Data are from the Survey of State Government Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

The tables in this report present FY 2023 and time series data for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Data are available on total R&D expenditures; intramural and extramural performers; source of funds; and R&D by governmental function by state and department or agency, employee count, and full-time equivalent counts. These data were collected by the Survey of State Government Research and Development, conducted by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

State government agencies’ expenditures for research and development increased by 5.2% from FY 2021 to $2.6 billion in FY 2022. Although state government expenditures for R&D are relatively small within the national portfolio of R&D performance, state agencies themselves performed $697 million in R&D while also financing $1.953 billion in extramural R&D in FY 2022 to businesses, higher education, nonprofit institutions, and others. Data are from the Survey of State Government Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation.

The 23 data tables in this report present FY 2022 and time series data for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Data are available on total R&D expenditures; intramural and extramural performers; source of funds; and R&D by governmental function by state and department or agency, employee count, and full-time equivalent counts. These data were collected by the Survey of State Government Research and Development, conducted by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation.

Latest visualizations from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics using data from the Survey of State Government Research and Development: FY 2021 on state agency expenditures for R&D by governmental functions (agriculture, energy, environment and natural resources, health, transportation).

State governments’ intramural research and development personnel totaled 9,132 employees across the 50 state governments and the District of Columbia in FY 2021. Intramural R&D personnel are a state department’s or agency’s own employees (i.e., not public university employees) who perform or support R&D. Of the 9,132 employees, 4,854 were researchers, 2,981 were technicians, and 1,297 were support staff. In New York state, agency R&D personnel totaled 2,942, of which 1,347 were researchers, 1,184 were technicians, and 411 were support staff, nearly one-third of all state government R&D personnel. Researchers include R&D scientists, engineers, and their managers. Technicians include wildlife technicians, lab technicians, and field staff. Support staff include accountants, facilities management, grant specialists, and clerical staffs. Data are from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics’ Survey of State Government Research and Development.

State government agencies’ expenditures for research and development increased by 1.1% from FY 2020. When combined, the state governments of California, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, and Texas account for nearly 60% of all state government expenditures for R&D. Although state government expenditures for R&D are relatively small within the national portfolio of R&D performance, state agencies themselves performed $674 million in R&D while also financing $1.8 billion in extramural R&D in FY 2021 to businesses, higher education, nonprofit institutions, and others. Data are from the Survey of State Government Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation.

The 23 data tables in this report present FY 2021 and time series data for the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data are available on total R&D expenditures; intramural and extramural performers; source of funds; and R&D by governmental function by state and department or agency, employee count, and full-time equivalent counts. These data were collected by the Survey of State Government Research and Development, conducted by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation.

State government agencies’ expenditures for R&D increased by 1% from FY 2019. Although total R&D expenditures saw a slight rise in FY 2020, state agency expenditures for health-related R&D declined for the second year in a row. Despite these declines and further demands on state health agencies due to the COVID-19 pandemic, health remains the largest governmental function for states’ R&D, with $1 billion in expenditures in FY 2020. Although state government expenditures for R&D are relatively small within the national portfolio of R&D performance, state agencies financed almost $2 billion in extramural R&D in FY 2020 to businesses, higher education, nonprofit institutions, and others. Data are from the Survey of State Government Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation.