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Table 19. Doctorate recipients, by ethnicity, race, and citizenship status: 2006–16

Ethnicity, race, and citizenship status 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
All doctorate recipients 45,620 48,132 48,777 49,552 48,029 48,911 50,945 52,704 53,994 54,909 54,904
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 29,028 29,501 30,844 32,327 31,602 31,726 32,982 33,965 34,006 35,086 35,719
Temporary visa holder 14,198 15,123 15,261 14,736 13,636 14,235 14,784 15,674 15,841 16,132 16,498
Unknown citizenship 2,394 3,508 2,672 2,489 2,791 2,950 3,179 3,065 4,147 3,691 2,687
Hispanic or Latino 2,330 2,544 2,710 2,815 2,702 2,915 3,064 3,073 3,148 3,424 3,578
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 1,532 1,655 1,773 1,880 1,842 1,989 2,144 2,135 2,191 2,450 2,555
Temporary visa holder 786 869 932 924 849 922 916 921 944 965 1,015
Unknown citizenship 12 20 5 11 11 4 4 17 13 9 8
Not Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native 123 148 121 138 129 135 107 126 109 141 136
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 113 140 115 132 117 127 104 119 103 131 128
Temporary visa holdera 10 D D 6 12 8 D 7 6 10 8
Unknown citizenship 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0
Asian 11,633 12,321 12,454 12,131 11,583 12,311 12,850 13,430 13,559 13,836 14,064
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 2,391 2,308 2,507 2,612 2,738 2,832 2,943 2,892 2,882 3,074 3,082
Temporary visa holder 9,226 9,948 9,940 9,504 8,822 9,451 9,889 10,514 10,664 10,742 10,944
Unknown citizenship 16 65 7 15 23 28 18 24 13 20 38
Black or African American 2,183 2,383 2,395 2,617 2,380 2,313 2,528 2,655 2,654 2,773 2,868
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 1,789 1,891 1,961 2,168 1,939 1,899 2,055 2,172 2,172 2,275 2,360
Temporary visa holder 383 471 431 434 426 404 469 479 477 493 502
Unknown citizenship 11 21 3 15 15 10 4 4 5 5 6
White 25,244 25,569 26,084 26,630 25,964 26,174 26,983 27,872 27,948 28,631 28,786
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 21,923 22,067 22,835 23,616 23,100 23,279 24,011 24,750 24,830 25,385 25,524
Temporary visa holder 3,279 3,322 3,229 2,970 2,810 2,841 2,931 3,070 3,086 3,180 3,221
Unknown citizenship 42 180 20 44 54 54 41 52 32 66 41
More than one race 532 541 546 695 711 780 868 929 939 972 1,116
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 464 505 506 646 654 722 807 858 879 904 1,032
Temporary visa holder 67 33 40 49 54 58 61 71 60 67 84
Unknown citizenship 1 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0
Other race or race not reported 467 522 563 554 441 464 462 447 411 459 471
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 287 304 343 338 272 248 293 279 272 249 273
Temporary visa holder 172 D D 211 160 212 D 147 125 172 174
Unknown citizenship 8 D D 5 9 4 D 21 14 38 24
Ethnicity not reported 3,108 4,104 3,904 3,972 4,119 3,819 4,083 4,172 5,226 4,673 3,885
U.S. citizen or permanent resident 529 631 804 935 940 630 625 760 677 618 765
Temporary visa holder 275 270 472 638 503 339 355 465 479 503 550
Unknown citizenship 2,304 3,203 2,628 2,399 2,676 2,850 3,103 2,947 4,070 3,552 2,570
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information.
a In most cases, non-U.S. American Indians are citizens of Canada or of a Latin American country.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.