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Table 37. Doctorate recipients’ sources of financial support, by sex and broad field of study: 2015
(Percent distribution)

Sex and financial resource All fields (number) All fields Life sciencesa Physical sciences and earth sciences Mathematics and computer sciences Psychology and social sciences Engineering Education Humanities and arts Otherb
Male doctorate recipients
Unduplicated total (number)c 26,214 100 19.1 13.5 9.7 12.5 25.9 5.3 9.2 4.8
Fellowship or scholarship 15,325 100 20.3 13.1 8.9 14.6 22.1 3.5 12.5 4.9
Grant 9,098 100 27.1 14.3 7.7 13.2 21.1 3.1 10.4 3.1
Assistantship
Teaching 17,224 100 14.1 17.3 11.9 14.7 22.7 2.7 11.7 4.9
Research 17,379 100 17.6 17.6 10.7 11.0 32.1 2.6 4.3 4.1
Other 1,355 100 12.9 7.1 6.4 21.8 16.0 11.1 18.3 6.4
Traineeship 828 100 57.2 7.4 4.2 12.0 15.7 1.1 1.7 0.7
Internship or clinical residency 1,732 100 6.9 6.9 24.9 16.3 39.1 2.7 2.2 0.9
Loan (any source) 5,768 100 16.1 8.2 4.7 23.2 12.7 11.1 16.9 7.2
Personal sources
Savings 9,857 100 16.7 9.0 8.2 17.3 20.1 8.1 13.0 7.4
Other earnings during graduate school 5,964 100 13.8 7.0 7.4 19.7 13.6 11.8 20.0 6.6
Spouse's, partner's, or family's earnings or savings 6,688 100 17.3 8.7 7.3 18.3 18.9 6.2 16.2 7.0
Employer reimbursement or assistance 2,254 100 15.4 8.3 8.5 12.1 23.6 16.2 9.1 6.8
Foreign (non-U.S.) support 1,651 100 18.0 9.3 9.8 13.9 31.3 3.6 8.2 5.9
Other 46 100 8.7 6.5 10.9 17.4 23.9 15.2 17.4 0.0
Female doctorate recipients
Unduplicated total (number)d 22,359 100 28.1 8.0 3.6 20.2 9.1 13.7 11.2 6.1
Fellowship or scholarship 13,979 100 29.0 8.1 3.2 21.1 8.7 9.6 14.5 5.9
Grant 8,581 100 36.4 9.3 2.9 19.4 8.4 7.5 12.1 4.0
Assistantship
Teaching 13,930 100 21.3 10.9 4.7 23.8 8.7 8.2 15.7 6.6
Research 12,722 100 28.3 12.2 4.3 20.6 13.0 8.7 6.9 6.0
Other 1,767 100 12.3 3.7 1.8 33.3 4.1 22.1 17.5 5.1
Traineeship 1,146 100 60.2 4.9 1.9 19.6 8.3 2.7 1.2 1.1
Internship or clinical residency 1,633 100 6.7 4.1 8.0 55.7 12.1 8.0 3.9 1.7
Loan (any source) 6,812 100 19.1 3.4 0.9 31.3 2.6 20.6 15.1 7.0
Personal sources
Savings 9,655 100 23.1 4.9 2.5 25.1 5.5 17.5 14.0 7.5
Other earnings during graduate school 6,968 100 18.4 2.5 1.7 26.5 2.9 23.0 18.2 6.8
Spouse's, partner's, or family's earnings or savings 8,259 100 22.4 4.4 2.4 26.9 5.4 15.8 15.5 7.1
Employer reimbursement or assistance 2,138 100 27.8 3.9 2.7 14.7 5.3 32.7 6.3 6.5
Foreign (non-U.S.) support 947 100 25.8 6.3 5.2 17.8 13.0 9.0 14.7 8.2
Other 47 100 23.4 6.4 2.1 23.4 8.5 10.6 25.5 0.0
a Includes agricultural sciences and natural resources; biological and biomedical sciences; and health sciences.
b Non-science and engineering fields not shown separately.
c The 3,382 male doctorate recipients who did not report sources of support are omitted from this number.
d The 3,044 female doctorate recipients who did not report sources of support are omitted from this number.
NOTES: In this table a recipient counts once in each source category from which he or she received support. Because students indicate multiple sources of support, sum of individual sources of support exceeds unduplicated total. Due to rounding, percentages may not sum to 100.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2015.