Table 36. Doctorate recipients’ sources of financial support, by broad field of study and sex: 2015
(Percent)
Financial resource |
All fields |
Life sciencesa |
Physical sciences and earth sciences |
Mathematics and computer sciences |
Psychology and social sciences |
Engineering |
Education |
Humanities and arts |
Otherb |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Unduplicated total (number)c |
26,214 |
22,359 |
5,002 |
6,280 |
3,530 |
1,781 |
2,554 |
808 |
3,288 |
4,518 |
6,782 |
2,038 |
1,391 |
3,068 |
2,421 |
2,513 |
1,246 |
1,353 |
Fellowship or scholarship |
58.5 |
62.5 |
62.3 |
64.5 |
56.8 |
63.3 |
53.1 |
55.8 |
68.2 |
65.3 |
50.0 |
59.5 |
38.5 |
43.7 |
79.2 |
80.6 |
60.8 |
60.6 |
Grant |
34.7 |
38.4 |
49.3 |
49.8 |
36.8 |
45.0 |
27.4 |
30.3 |
36.6 |
36.9 |
28.4 |
35.2 |
20.3 |
21.1 |
39.0 |
41.4 |
22.6 |
25.1 |
Assistantship |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Teaching |
65.7 |
62.3 |
48.6 |
47.2 |
84.5 |
85.6 |
80.3 |
80.9 |
77.0 |
73.5 |
57.6 |
59.6 |
33.6 |
37.2 |
83.0 |
87.2 |
67.5 |
67.8 |
Research |
66.3 |
56.9 |
61.1 |
57.4 |
86.6 |
86.8 |
72.6 |
67.2 |
58.0 |
58.1 |
82.3 |
81.5 |
32.7 |
36.1 |
31.1 |
34.7 |
57.5 |
56.6 |
Other |
5.2 |
7.9 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
2.7 |
3.6 |
3.4 |
4.0 |
9.0 |
13.0 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
10.8 |
12.7 |
10.2 |
12.3 |
7.0 |
6.7 |
Traineeship |
3.2 |
5.1 |
9.5 |
11.0 |
1.7 |
3.1 |
1.4 |
2.7 |
3.0 |
5.0 |
1.9 |
4.7 |
0.6 |
1.0 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
Internship or clinical residency |
6.6 |
7.3 |
2.4 |
1.7 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
16.9 |
16.2 |
8.6 |
20.1 |
10.0 |
9.7 |
3.4 |
4.2 |
1.6 |
2.5 |
1.3 |
2.0 |
Loan (any source) |
22.0 |
30.5 |
18.5 |
20.7 |
13.4 |
13.0 |
10.6 |
7.7 |
40.6 |
47.3 |
10.8 |
8.6 |
46.2 |
45.6 |
40.2 |
40.8 |
33.4 |
35.5 |
Personal sources |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Savings |
37.6 |
43.2 |
33.0 |
35.5 |
25.2 |
26.4 |
31.8 |
29.8 |
51.9 |
53.7 |
29.2 |
25.9 |
57.6 |
55.0 |
53.0 |
53.9 |
58.7 |
53.2 |
Other earnings during graduate school |
22.8 |
31.2 |
16.5 |
20.5 |
11.8 |
9.8 |
17.4 |
14.4 |
35.7 |
40.9 |
12.0 |
9.9 |
50.7 |
52.2 |
49.2 |
50.3 |
31.6 |
35.3 |
Spouse's, partner's, or family's earnings or savings |
25.5 |
36.9 |
23.2 |
29.5 |
16.5 |
20.6 |
19.2 |
24.6 |
37.2 |
49.1 |
18.7 |
21.8 |
30.0 |
42.6 |
44.8 |
51.1 |
37.5 |
43.4 |
Employer reimbursement or assistance |
8.6 |
9.6 |
7.0 |
9.5 |
5.3 |
4.7 |
7.5 |
7.1 |
8.3 |
7.0 |
7.9 |
5.6 |
26.2 |
22.8 |
8.4 |
5.3 |
12.3 |
10.3 |
Foreign (non-U.S.) support |
6.3 |
4.2 |
5.9 |
3.9 |
4.3 |
3.4 |
6.3 |
6.1 |
7.0 |
3.7 |
7.6 |
6.0 |
4.3 |
2.8 |
5.6 |
5.5 |
7.9 |
5.8 |
Other |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
0.0 |