Table 32. Median years to doctorate, by sex, citizenship status, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015
Time to degree and demographic characteristic |
All fields |
Life sciencesa |
Physical sciences and earth sciences |
Mathematics and computer sciences |
Psychology and social sciences |
Engineering |
Education |
Humanities and arts |
Otherb |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Median |
Number |
Years since bachelor's |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All doctorate recipientsc |
8.7 |
49,922 |
8.2 |
11,442 |
7.0 |
5,434 |
7.8 |
3,456 |
9.3 |
8,125 |
7.3 |
9,037 |
14.8 |
4,675 |
11.0 |
5,069 |
11.2 |
2,684 |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
8.3 |
26,864 |
8.0 |
5,079 |
7.0 |
3,597 |
7.8 |
2,612 |
9.4 |
3,404 |
7.5 |
6,949 |
14.6 |
1,458 |
11.0 |
2,493 |
11.3 |
1,272 |
Female |
9.3 |
23,058 |
8.3 |
6,363 |
6.8 |
1,837 |
7.7 |
844 |
9.3 |
4,721 |
7.0 |
2,088 |
14.9 |
3,217 |
11.0 |
2,576 |
11.1 |
1,412 |
Citizenship status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
9.0 |
34,315 |
8.0 |
8,295 |
6.6 |
3,429 |
7.7 |
1,607 |
9.3 |
6,506 |
6.9 |
4,126 |
15.0 |
4,123 |
11.0 |
4,398 |
12.0 |
1,831 |
Temporary visa holder |
8.3 |
15,299 |
8.4 |
3,085 |
7.7 |
1,982 |
7.8 |
1,831 |
9.4 |
1,545 |
7.7 |
4,873 |
12.1 |
519 |
11.2 |
645 |
9.9 |
819 |
Ethnicity and race (U.S. citizens and permanent residents) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hispanic or Latino |
9.2 |
2,398 |
8.1 |
618 |
7.1 |
178 |
7.8 |
75 |
9.4 |
477 |
6.8 |
292 |
14.0 |
310 |
11.6 |
358 |
12.7 |
90 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
12.5 |
126 |
7.9 |
22 |
8.0 |
9 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.0 |
29 |
7.6 |
7 |
17.3 |
28 |
13.0 |
24 |
17.9 |
7 |
Asian |
8.9 |
2,991 |
8.0 |
896 |
6.6 |
264 |
9.2 |
191 |
9.4 |
434 |
7.4 |
633 |
13.9 |
189 |
12.3 |
192 |
11.5 |
192 |
Black or African American |
12.0 |
2,218 |
10.0 |
440 |
7.6 |
99 |
9.3 |
53 |
11.0 |
523 |
8.7 |
161 |
16.0 |
618 |
12.1 |
138 |
15.5 |
186 |
White |
9.0 |
25,013 |
8.0 |
5,944 |
6.6 |
2,726 |
7.3 |
1,196 |
9.3 |
4,722 |
6.6 |
2,825 |
15.3 |
2,814 |
10.8 |
3,494 |
11.5 |
1,292 |
More than one race |
8.6 |
895 |
7.9 |
239 |
6.6 |
85 |
7.3 |
35 |
9.0 |
193 |
6.6 |
106 |
14.4 |
88 |
10.6 |
110 |
11.7 |
39 |
Other race or race not reported |
9.4 |
232 |
8.0 |
51 |
6.2 |
16 |
9.0 |
18 |
11.3 |
52 |
7.0 |
29 |
15.2 |
22 |
11.1 |
34 |
10.5 |
10 |
Ethnicity not reported |
8.8 |
442 |
8.3 |
85 |
6.0 |
52 |
7.8 |
39 |
10.3 |
76 |
6.6 |
73 |
15.5 |
54 |
11.1 |
48 |
15.3 |
15 |
Years since entering graduate school |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All doctorate recipientsd |
7.3 |
49,402 |
6.7 |
11,462 |
6.2 |
5,388 |
6.7 |
3,442 |
7.7 |
7,938 |
6.7 |
8,974 |
11.7 |
4,557 |
9.2 |
4,995 |
8.9 |
2,646 |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
7.2 |
26,690 |
6.7 |
5,089 |
6.2 |
3,585 |
6.8 |
2,612 |
7.7 |
3,351 |
6.7 |
6,903 |
11.7 |
1,429 |
9.3 |
2,454 |
8.9 |
1,267 |
Female |
7.7 |
22,712 |
6.9 |
6,373 |
6.0 |
1,803 |
6.7 |
830 |
7.7 |
4,587 |
6.3 |
2,071 |
11.7 |
3,128 |
9.2 |
2,541 |
9.0 |
1,379 |
Citizenship status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
7.4 |
33,737 |
6.7 |
8,253 |
6.0 |
3,369 |
6.7 |
1,589 |
7.7 |
6,349 |
6.2 |
4,048 |
12.3 |
4,016 |
9.1 |
4,310 |
9.4 |
1,803 |
Temporary visa holder |
7.3 |
15,394 |
7.2 |
3,159 |
6.8 |
1,992 |
6.9 |
1,829 |
8.2 |
1,540 |
6.9 |
4,878 |
9.1 |
519 |
9.9 |
659 |
8.2 |
818 |
Ethnicity and race (U.S. citizens and permanent residents) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hispanic or Latino |
7.7 |
2,329 |
6.8 |
607 |
6.1 |
173 |
7.4 |
72 |
7.9 |
463 |
6.2 |
282 |
11.3 |
300 |
9.8 |
346 |
9.8 |
86 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
9.7 |
120 |
6.8 |
20 |
7.9 |
9 |
0.0 |
0 |
10.7 |
29 |
7.3 |
7 |
14.7 |
27 |
9.7 |
22 |
13.7 |
6 |
Asian |
7.3 |
3,014 |
6.7 |
908 |
6.0 |
268 |
8.0 |
198 |
7.9 |
423 |
6.7 |
645 |
10.9 |
192 |
10.7 |
189 |
9.7 |
191 |
Black or African American |
9.7 |
2,182 |
8.3 |
440 |
6.3 |
98 |
8.3 |
52 |
9.3 |
518 |
7.0 |
159 |
12.9 |
597 |
9.9 |
136 |
11.9 |
182 |
White |
7.3 |
24,768 |
6.7 |
5,940 |
5.9 |
2,698 |
6.5 |
1,190 |
7.3 |
4,644 |
6.0 |
2,797 |
12.3 |
2,771 |
9.0 |
3,450 |
9.0 |
1,278 |
More than one race |
7.2 |
900 |
6.6 |
240 |
6.0 |
88 |
6.4 |
35 |
7.7 |
192 |
6.0 |
108 |
11.3 |
87 |
8.7 |
110 |
9.7 |
40 |
Other race or race not reported |
7.8 |
220 |
6.7 |
52 |
5.0 |
15 |
7.7 |
17 |
9.5 |
46 |
5.6 |
30 |
13.3 |
20 |
9.2 |
30 |
9.0 |
10 |
Ethnicity not reported |
7.0 |
204 |
6.3 |
46 |
5.1 |
20 |
6.3 |
25 |
9.1 |
34 |
5.3 |
20 |
12.2 |
22 |
8.3 |
27 |
10.3 |
10 |
Years since entering doctoral programe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All doctorate recipientsf |
5.7 |
48,627 |
5.7 |
11,328 |
5.7 |
5,302 |
5.7 |
3,363 |
6.0 |
7,801 |
5.2 |
8,836 |
6.0 |
4,464 |
6.9 |
4,933 |
5.3 |
2,600 |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
5.7 |
26,248 |
5.6 |
5,027 |
5.7 |
3,524 |
5.7 |
2,557 |
5.9 |
3,285 |
5.2 |
6,794 |
6.2 |
1,394 |
6.7 |
2,420 |
5.0 |
1,247 |
Female |
5.7 |
22,379 |
5.7 |
6,301 |
5.5 |
1,778 |
5.7 |
806 |
6.0 |
4,516 |
5.2 |
2,042 |
6.0 |
3,070 |
7.0 |
2,513 |
5.3 |
1,353 |
Citizenship status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
5.8 |
33,193 |
5.7 |
8,151 |
5.7 |
3,325 |
5.7 |
1,553 |
6.0 |
6,237 |
5.3 |
3,983 |
6.2 |
3,929 |
7.0 |
4,255 |
5.3 |
1,760 |
Temporary visa holder |
5.3 |
15,169 |
5.3 |
3,125 |
5.5 |
1,950 |
5.3 |
1,787 |
5.7 |
1,518 |
5.0 |
4,808 |
5.3 |
514 |
6.7 |
652 |
5.0 |
815 |
Ethnicity and race (U.S. citizens and permanent residents) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hispanic or Latino |
6.1 |
2,304 |
5.7 |
603 |
5.7 |
171 |
6.2 |
71 |
6.7 |
457 |
5.7 |
279 |
6.7 |
297 |
7.3 |
343 |
5.4 |
83 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
6.7 |
120 |
5.7 |
20 |
5.1 |
9 |
0.0 |
0 |
7.3 |
29 |
6.0 |
7 |
9.0 |
27 |
7.7 |
22 |
5.5 |
6 |
Asian |
5.8 |
2,970 |
5.7 |
900 |
5.7 |
266 |
6.0 |
192 |
6.2 |
419 |
5.7 |
633 |
6.0 |
189 |
7.3 |
187 |
5.7 |
184 |
Black or African American |
6.1 |
2,124 |
5.7 |
433 |
5.7 |
96 |
6.7 |
49 |
6.3 |
507 |
5.7 |
153 |
6.7 |
576 |
6.7 |
136 |
6.3 |
174 |
White |
5.7 |
24,379 |
5.7 |
5,858 |
5.7 |
2,665 |
5.7 |
1,167 |
6.0 |
4,559 |
5.3 |
2,754 |
6.0 |
2,716 |
6.9 |
3,404 |
5.3 |
1,256 |
More than one race |
5.7 |
884 |
5.7 |
239 |
5.3 |
87 |
5.7 |
34 |
6.0 |
186 |
5.5 |
108 |
5.7 |
85 |
7.0 |
108 |
6.0 |
37 |
Other race or race not reported |
6.0 |
214 |
5.7 |
51 |
5.0 |
13 |
6.6 |
16 |
6.7 |
45 |
5.3 |
29 |
7.7 |
20 |
7.0 |
30 |
5.3 |
10 |
Ethnicity not reported |
5.7 |
198 |
5.3 |
47 |
4.9 |
18 |
5.9 |
24 |
6.2 |
35 |
4.8 |
20 |
6.9 |
19 |
6.7 |
25 |
5.7 |
10 |