Contents
Tables and Figures
Sidebars
Executive Summary
Chapter I -- Introduction and Background
A. Reason for Review
B. History of U.S. Involvements in the Antarctic
C. Current Scope of the U.S. Antarctic Program
D. Antarctic Activities of Other Federal Agencies
E. NSF Contributions to Arctic Research
Chapter II -- United States Antarctic Policy
A. United States Interests
B. The Antarctic Treaty
C. United States Presence
Chapter III -- Antarctica: A Unique Laboratory for Science
- A. United States Investments in Scientific Research in Antarctica
- 1. Understanding the Earth and Its Large-Scale Systems
- 2. Antarctica as a Unique Natural Laboratory
- 3. Exploration of the Geographical Frontier
- B. U.S. Antarctic Stations
- 1. McMurdo Station
- 2. Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station
- 3. Palmer Station
- 4. Research Vessels
- 5. Summary Analysis of the Stations and Ships
Chapter IV -- Costs, Future Savings, and Additional Options
A. USAP Science Support/Operations Costs
Summary of the Major USAP Cost Centers
B. Projected Savings in Program Operations
B1. Transition of Functions: Navy Base Support to Civilian Contract
B2. Single Point Management of the Fleet of LC-130's
B3. Additional Efficiencies
B4. Summary of Cost Saving in Operations
C. Options for Large-Scale Cost Savings
C1. Operations
C2. International Cooperation
Chapter V -- Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Renovation
- A. Establishment and Early Facilities
- B. Status Today
- C. Redevelopment Plans for Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station
- C1. First Options
- C2. NSF's Choice
- D. International Cost Sharing
- E. Critical Safety and Environmental Projects
- E1. The Maintenance Facility
- E2. Power
- E3. Fuel Storage Facilities
Chapter VI -- Conclusions and Recommendations
Appendix I -- The Antarctic Treaty and the Antarctic Treaty System
Appendix II -- Subject: Funding of the United States Antarctic Program, Including South Pole Station
Appendix III -- Institutions Receiving Awards from the U.S. Antarctic Program
Appendix IV -- President's Memorandum Regarding Antarctica
Appendix V -- Statement on the U.S. Antarctic Program Adopted by the National Science Board at Its 331st Meeting, August 18, 1995