Multimedia Gallery
Climbing Robot "Stickybot" (Image 3)
Sangbae Kim (left, now an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at MIT) and Stanford University professor Mark Cutkosky with Stickybot, a robot whose feet are covered with gecko-inspired, directional-adhesive material that helps it climb smooth surfaces. [Image 3 of 8 related images. See Image 4.]
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Stickybot was developed by Sangbae Kim (a graduate student at Stanford University at the time) and Stanford professor Mark Cutkosky and colleagues.
After researchers discovered in 2006 that geckos use a phenomenon called directional adhesion to stick to walls, Kim realized that "stickiness does not necessarily come from chemical composition; it can come from mechanical properties and geometry." "The geometry enables strange phenomena such as directional adhesion, which sticks in only one direction," says Kim.
Kim--who says he often looks to the animal kingdom for inspiration in robot design--developed the adhesive material to mimic the pads on a gecko's feet, which are covered with a forest of tiny hairs called setae (some of which are one-twentieth the width of a human hair). The setae, in turn, branch into hundreds of tiny smaller hairs called spatula, that are about one-thousandth the width of a human hair. The hairs cling to surfaces using tiny molecular interactions known as van der Waals forces.
Kim's adhesive material is covered with hairs made of rubber silicone, that are thicker than those on a gecko's paw and about four times thicker than a human hair. Thicker hairs require smoother surfaces for adhesion, so Stickybot can only climb extremely smooth surfaces like glass.
Possible applications for Stickybot technology include exterior repair of underwater oil pipelines and window washing. Kim has plans to design climbing equipment for humans using the directional adhesion technology as well.
Kim is now designing a running robot that mimics the movements of a cheetah. An agile, fast-moving robot such as this could perform military surveillance and search-and-rescue missions that are too dangerous for humans. To learn more about Kim's robotics research, visit the Biomimetric Robotics Lab at MIT, Here. [Research on the dry adhesive used by Stickybot for climbing was funded in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation (07-08367).] (Date of Image: 2008)
Credit: Mark R. Cutkosky, Stanford University; Sangbae Kim, MIT
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