SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 1966–2004.

Both the number of U.S. citizen and permanent resident women earning doctoral degrees and their percentage of total awards in S&E and non-S&E fields rose between 1966 and 2004.

• The number of U.S. citizen and permanent resident women earning S&E doctorates rose from 784 in 1966 to 6,914 in 1995 and remained at approximately 7,000 doctorates per year through 2004.
• The number of U.S. citizen and permanent resident men earning S&E doctoral degrees dropped from 1971 through the late 1980s and again from 1995 through 2002.
• By 2004, women earned 44 percent of S&E and 60 percent of non-S&E doctoral degrees to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, up from 8 and 18 percent, respectively, in 1966.