| Table 4-23 |
| Government R&D support by major socioeconomic objectives, by selected region/country: 1981–2009 |
| |
| |
|
|
Percent of GBAORD |
|
Percent of nondefense |
| Region/country and year |
GBAORD (current US$, millions, PPP) |
|
Defense |
Nondefense |
|
Economic development programs |
Health and environment |
Education and society |
Civil space |
Non-oriented research |
General university funds (GUF) |
| |
| United States |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
33,735.0 |
|
54.6 |
45.4 |
|
36.1 |
31.2 |
3.6 |
20.3 |
8.7 |
na |
| 1990 |
63,781.0 |
|
62.6 |
37.4 |
|
22.2 |
40.2 |
3.4 |
24.2 |
10.1 |
na |
| 2000 |
83,612.5 |
|
51.6 |
48.4 |
|
13.4 |
49.9 |
1.8 |
20.9 |
13.8 |
na |
| 2009 |
164,292.0 |
|
51.6 |
48.4 |
|
13.3 |
55.9 |
1.5 |
11.4 |
17.8 |
na |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| EU |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
na |
|
na |
na |
|
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
| 1990 |
na |
|
na |
na |
|
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
| 2000 |
73,559.9 |
|
13.1 |
86.9 |
|
22.7 |
11.6 |
3.4 |
6.1 |
15.7 |
34.9 |
| 2008 |
110,238.5 |
|
9.6 |
90.4 |
|
23.5 |
14.8 |
5.9 |
4.9 |
17.3 |
33.8 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Germany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
8,572.5 |
|
8.9 |
91.1 |
|
34.9 |
9.6 |
4.5 |
4.5 |
46.5 |
0.0 |
| 1990 |
13,269.1 |
|
13.5 |
86.5 |
|
25.9 |
10.8 |
2.9 |
6.8 |
15.2 |
37.6 |
| 2000 |
16,806.2 |
|
7.8 |
92.2 |
|
21.6 |
9.4 |
3.9 |
5.1 |
17.5 |
42.4 |
| 2009 |
25,857.8 |
|
5.7 |
94.3 |
|
23.0 |
10.3 |
4.1 |
5.4 |
18.2 |
39.6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| France |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
8,531.3 |
|
38.4 |
61.6 |
|
37.9 |
13.3 |
2.0 |
6.7 |
39.1 |
0.0 |
| 1990 |
13,228.6 |
|
40.0 |
60.0 |
|
32.8 |
9.3 |
0.8 |
13.0 |
24.6 |
18.9 |
| 2000 |
14,738.0 |
|
21.4 |
78.6 |
|
17.7 |
9.7 |
1.1 |
13.2 |
27.4 |
28.5 |
| 2008 |
16,171.9 |
|
28.3 |
71.7 |
|
24.3 |
15.0 |
3.6 |
12.5 |
6.4 |
39.0 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
6,731.2 |
|
46.3 |
53.7 |
|
38.5 |
13.1 |
1.5 |
3.8 |
10.6 |
29.6 |
| 1990 |
8,113.8 |
|
43,5 |
56.5 |
|
31.9 |
18.1 |
4.0 |
5.5 |
10.3 |
29.8 |
| 2000 |
10,357.6 |
|
36.2 |
63.8 |
|
12.1 |
28.3 |
6.4 |
3.5 |
18.8 |
30.4 |
| 2009 |
15,146.3 |
|
18.3 |
81.7 |
|
9.3 |
28.8 |
5.7 |
2.3 |
23.8 |
30.1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 1990 |
10,142.0 |
|
5.4 |
94.6 |
|
33.9 |
4.5 |
1.1 |
6.9 |
8.4 |
45.1 |
| 2000 |
21,223.0 |
|
4.1 |
95.9 |
|
33.4 |
6.6 |
1.0 |
5.8 |
14.6 |
37.0 |
| 2009 |
31,072.5 |
|
3.7 |
96.3 |
|
30.5 |
7.2 |
1.0 |
7.5 |
18.3 |
35.5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| China |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 1990 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 2000 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 2009 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| South Korea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1981 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 1990 |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| 2000 |
5,024.7 |
|
20.5 |
79.5 |
|
53.4 |
14.8 |
3.8 |
3.1 |
24.9 |
** |
| 2009 |
13,209.6 |
|
16.7 |
83.3 |
|
52.0 |
18.6 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
22.8 |
** |
| |
** = included in other categories; na = not applicable; NA = not available
EU = European Union; GBAORD = government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D; PPP = purchasing power parity
NOTES: Foreign currencies converted to dollars through purchasing power parities. Most recent data available for France and the EU are 2008. EU data for all years based on current 27 member countries. GBAORD data are not yet available for China. The socioeconomic objective categories are aggregates of the 14 categories identified by Eurostat's 2007 Nomenclature for the Analysis and Comparison of Scientific Programs and Budgets (NABS).
SOURCES: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, special tabulations (August 2010) of federal R&D budget authority by spending category; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Main Science and Technology Indicators (2011/1). See appendix table 4-45.
Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 |
|