Table 4-3
U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector, source of funds, and character of work: 2009
 
    Source of funds ($millions)    
Performing sector and
character of work		   Total Business Federal government Universities and colleges Other nonprofit organizations   Total expenditures (% distribution)
 
R&D   400,458 247,357 124,431 15,111 13,559   100.0
Business   282,393 242,820 39,573 ** **   70.5
Federal government   46,150 ** 46,150 ** **   11.5
Federal intramural   30,901 ** 30,901 ** **   7.7
FFRDCs   15,249 ** 15,249 ** **   3.8
Industry administered   6,446 ** 6,446 ** **   1.6
U&C administered   4,968 ** 4,968 ** **   1.2
Nonprofit administered   3,835 ** 3,835 ** **   1.0
Universities and colleges   54,383 3,279 31,575 15,111 4,418   13.6
Other nonprofit organizations   17,532 1,258 7,133 ** 9,141   4.4
Percent distribution by source   100.0 61.8 31.1 3.8 3.4   –
                 
Basic research   75,970 16,486 40,451 10,800 8,233   100.1
Business   14,784 13,444 1,340 ** **   19.5
Federal government   11,373 ** 11,373 ** **   15.0
Federal intramural   5,507 ** 5,507 ** **   7.2
FFRDCs   5,866 ** 5,866 ** **   7.7
Industry administered   2,550 ** 2,550 ** **   3.4
U&C administered   1,808 ** 1,808 ** **   2.4
Nonprofit administered   1,508 ** 1,508 ** **   2.0
Universities and colleges   40,544 2,344 24,242 10,800 3,158   53.4
Other nonprofit organizations   9,269 698 3,496 ** 5,075   12.2
Percent distribution by source   100.0 21.7 53.2 14.2 10.8   –
                 
Applied research   71,330 34,344 30,101 3,535 3,350   100.1
Business   41,055 33,258 7,797 ** **   57.6
Federal government   12,665 ** 12,665 ** **   17.8
Federal intramural   8,006 ** 8,006 ** **   11.2
FFRDCs   4,659 ** 4,659 ** **   6.5
Industry administered   1,930 ** 1,930 ** **   2.7
U&C administered   1,289 ** 1,289 ** **   1.8
Nonprofit administered   1,440 ** 1,440 ** **   2.0
Universities and colleges   11,912 767 6,577 3,535 1,033   16.7
Other nonprofit organizations   5,698 319 3,062 ** 2,317   8.0
Percent distribution by source   100.0 48.1 42.2 5.0 4.7   –
                 
Development   253,161 196,527 53,882 776 1,976   100.0
Business   226,554 196,118 30,436 ** **   89.5
Federal government   22,115 ** 22,115 ** **   8.7
Federal intramural   17,389 ** 17,389 ** **   6.9
FFRDCs   4,726 ** 4,726 ** **   1.9
Industry administered   1,967 ** 1,967 ** **   0.8
U&C administered   1,872 ** 1,872 ** **   0.7
Nonprofit administered   887 ** 887 ** **   0.4
Universities and colleges   1,927 168 756 776 227   0.8
Other nonprofit organizations   2,565 241 575 ** 1,749   1.0
Percent distribution by source   100.0 77.6 21.3 0.3 0.8   –
 

** = small to negligible amount, included in other funding sectors

FFRDC = federally funded research and development center; U&C = universities and colleges

NOTES: Funding for FFRDC performance is chiefly federal, but any nonfederal support is included in the federal figures. State and local government support to business is included in business support for business performance. State and local government support to U&C ($3,675 million) is included in U&C support for U&C performance. Some figures for other nonprofit organizations are estimates and may later be revised.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series). See appendix tables 4-3–4-10.

Science and Engineering Indicators 2012
Source Data