| Table 4-2 |
| Annual rates of growth in U.S. R&D expenditures, total and by performing sectors: 1989–2009 |
| (Percent) |
| |
| |
|
Longer term trend |
|
Most recent years |
| Expenditures and gross domestic product |
|
1989–2009 |
1999–2009 |
2004–09 |
|
2006–07 |
2007–08 |
2008–09 |
| |
| |
|
Current dollars |
| Total R&D, all performers |
|
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.8 |
|
7.7 |
6.9 |
-0.6 |
| Business |
|
5.3 |
4.5 |
6.3 |
|
8.7 |
8.0 |
-2.9 |
| Federal government |
|
3.6 |
5.7 |
4.1 |
|
5.5 |
1.8 |
3.3 |
| Federal intramurala |
|
3.6 |
5.6 |
4.4 |
|
5.7 |
-0.1 |
3.6 |
| FFRDCs |
|
3.6 |
5.8 |
3.6 |
|
5.1 |
5.6 |
2.8 |
| Universities and colleges |
|
6.4 |
6.8 |
4.7 |
|
4.4 |
5.4 |
5.3 |
| Other nonprofit organizations |
|
8.1 |
7.9 |
5.5 |
|
6.1 |
8.5 |
9.3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gross domestic product |
|
4.8 |
4.1 |
3.3 |
|
4.9 |
1.9 |
-2.5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Constant 2005 dollars |
| Total R&D,
all performers |
|
2.9 |
2.6 |
3.1 |
|
4.6 |
4.6 |
–1.7 |
| Business |
|
3.0 |
2.1 |
3.6 |
|
5.7 |
5.6 |
–3.9 |
| Federal government |
|
1.3 |
3.2 |
1.6 |
|
2.5 |
–0.5 |
2.2 |
| Federal intramurala |
|
1.3 |
3.2 |
1.8 |
|
2.8 |
–2.2 |
2.5 |
| FFRDCs |
|
1.3 |
3.3 |
1.0 |
|
2.1 |
3.3 |
1.7 |
| Universities and colleges |
|
4.0 |
4.3 |
2.2 |
|
1.4 |
3.1 |
4.2 |
| Other nonprofit organizations |
|
5.7 |
5.4 |
2.9 |
|
3.1 |
6.2 |
8.2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gross domestic product |
|
2.4 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
|
1.9 |
–0.3 |
–3.5 |
| |
aIncludes expenditures of federal intramural R&D as well as costs associated with administering extramural R&D.
NOTE: Longer term trend rates are calculated as compound annual growth rates.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series).
Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 |
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